abstract many people know the important effects of caspian sea winds and storms on the economy of three provinces of iran including gilan, mazandaran, and golestan that they form one exclusive and extent area which have moderate and humid climate. this paper used a synoptic climatologically approach, which combine a number of atmospheric factors. using daily and monthly winds data including the...

Recent climatic trends of two nearby stations in Sydney were examined terms hourly ambient air temperature and wind direction for the time period 1999–2019. A reference was set monthly number cooling (CDH) heating (HDH) degree hours that temperatures exceeded 24 °C (T24) or below 14 (T14), parameters affecting not only energy demands but also quality life. The linked to dominant synoptic condit...

Observed upper air soundings that occurred within 2 h and 167 km of derechos were collected and analyzed to document atmospheric stability and wind shear conditions associated with long-lived convective windstorms. Sixty-seven derechos, accompanied by 113 proximity soundings, were identified during the years 1983–93. Owing to the large variability of the synoptic-scale environments associated w...

The Effects of Lake Breezes on Weather (ELBOW) 2001 was a field experiment conducted from May 1 to August 31, 2001 in southwestern Ontario. The project was a collaborative effort of the Meteorological Service of Canada, York University, University of Western Ontario and University of Guelph Ridgetown College. Other contributing agencies were The Weather Network and the US National Weather Servi...

Wintertime temperature profiles in the Grand Canyon exhibit a neutral to isothermal stratification during both daytime and nighttime, with only rare instances of actual temperature inversions. The canyon warms during daytime and cools during nighttime more or less uniformly through the canyon’s entire depth. This weak stability and temperature structure evolution differ from other Rocky Mountai...

Air pollution in urban cites is caused not only by local emission sources but also significantly by regional atmospheric pollutant transport from surrounding areas. This study is to identify regional atmospheric PM10 transport pathways through an integrated modeling and synoptic pressure pattern analysis approach with a case study in Beijing, northern China. Beijing is a city sensitive to trans...

As a part of the Lake-Induced Convection Experiments (Lake-ICE), on December 21, 1997 the University of Wisconsin Volume Imaging Lidar (UW-VIL) observed a visually stunning example of a shallow (~75-100 m) land breeze circulation over Lake Michigan. Backscatter returns revealed a steady offshore flow extending 1.5 to 4 km offshore, at which point it met the prevailing winds, which directly oppo...

Wintertime synoptic situations leading to the occurrence of strong surface winds over coastal waters of the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the northern Leeward Islands are discussed. Six-hourly average wind speeds for the oceanic areas adjacent to Puerto Rico are obtained from ship reports and related to the surface pressure gradient. The onset of surface winds of 20 k...