In acute ischemic stroke, critical hypoperfusion is a frequent cause of hypoxic tissue injury: As cerebral blood flow (CBF) falls below the ischemic threshold of 20 mL/100 mL/min, neurological symptoms develop and hypoxic tissue injury evolves within minutes or hours unless the oxygen supply is restored. But is ischemia the only hemodynamic source of hypoxic tissue injury? Reanalyses of the equ...

rock selection in modeling and simulation studies is usually based on two techniques; routinely defined rock types and those defined by special core analysis (scal). the challenge in utilizing these two techniques is that they are frequently assumed to be the same, but in practice, static rock-types (routinely defined) are not always representative of dynamic rock-types (scal defined) in the re...

This study assesses the effect of the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase on myocardial capillary permeability-surface area (PS) products for small hydrophilic molecules after ischemia and reperfusion. Open-chest dogs underwent a 20-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. Myocardial plasma flow rate and capillary extraction...

We analyzed the incidence and interaction of arteriolar vasomotion and capillary flow motion during critical perfusion conditions in neighboring peripheral tissues using intravital fluorescence microscopy. The gracilis and semitendinosus muscles and adjacent periosteum, subcutis, and skin of the left hindlimb of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated at the femoral vessels. Critical perfusion condit...

The reaction of cerebral capillaries to ischemia is unclear. Based on Hossmann's observation of postischemic "delayed hypoperfusion," we hypothesized that capillary flow is decreased during reperfusion because of increased precapillary flow resistance. To test this hypothesis, we measured cerebral capillary erythrocyte velocity and diameter changes by intravital microscopy in gerbils. A cranial...

The coronary capillary flow is analyzed theoretically based on continuum mechanics. The capillary is a long, elastic, and permeable vessel loaded externally by tissue pressure, and it is subject to possible periodic length changes, together with adjacent myocytes. Capillary flow is driven by arteriolar-venular pressure difference. Ultrafiltration due to transmural hydrostatic and osmotic gradie...

Endothelial microvilli that protrude into the capillary lumen, although invisible in the optical microscopy, may play an important role in the blood flow control in the capillaries. Because of the plug effects, the width of the gap between the capillary wall and the blood cell is especially critical for the blood flow dynamics in capillaries, while microvilli located on the capillary wall can e...

Rock selection in modeling and simulation studies is usually based on two techniques; routinely defined rock types and those defined by special core analysis (SCAL). The challenge in utilizing these two techniques is that they are frequently assumed to be the same, but in practice, static rock-types (routinely defined) are not always representative of dynamic rock-types (SCAL defined) in the re...

The aim of this work was to study the relationship between capillary tube flow and the acoustic behavior of household refrigerators by investigating a particular type of fluid-induced noise, known as fluctuating noise. To this end a household refrigerator was carefully instrumented and firstly tested in a reverberant chamber and secondly in a climate-controlled chamber. Acceleration measurement...

Steam-water flow exists in most geothermal reservoirs where steam-water capillary pressure plays an important role in controlling fluid distribution, transfer of liquid between fracture and matrix, well productivity, and even the reserves. However, it is very difficult to measure steam-water capillary pressure due to the phase transformation and the significant mass transfer between the two pha...