Theory tells us that output, the capital stock and the user cost of capital are cointegrated. From the capital accumulation identity, it also follows that the capital stock and investment have a long-run proportional relationship. This has been used to justify the estimation of investment equations embodying a long-run relation between investment and output, rather than between the capital stoc...

This paper explains the BEA methodology for computing historical cost and replacement cost measures of the net stock of capital in the U.S. economy. It is demonstrated that there exists a threshold rate of inflation in the price of capital goods that keeps the percentage difference between the two capital stock measures constant. Hence, over periods when average inflation in the price index for...

Why did the stock market decline so much in the early 1970’s and remain low until the early 1980’s? We argue that it was because information technology arrived on the scene and the stock-market incumbents of the day were not ready to implement it. Instead, new firms would bring in the new technology after the mid-1980’s. Investors foresaw this in the early 1970’s and stock prices fell right awa...

Using dynamic panel estimations, this paper identifies driving forces of venture capital activity for Western European countries. Driving forces might be the liquidity of stock markets, human capital endowment, and labour market rigidities. I find that these factors do not affect expansion stage investments used as a broader definition of venture capital, while they positively affect early stag...

We empirically document that stock prices moved inversely with dividend yields during the May, 1997 week when the White House and Congress agreed on a budget accord that included a reduction in the capital gains tax rate. The findings are consistent with equity prices capitalizing expected capital gains taxes. Two scenarios are possible. First, to the extent returns are expected to be taxed as ...

We investigate the risk-return relation in international stock markets using realized variance constructed from MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) daily stock price indices. In contrast with the capital asset pricing model, realized variance by itself provides negligible information about future excess stock market returns; however, we uncover a positive and significant risk-return tra...

To strengthen the capital market, there is a need to integrate the capital markets within the region by removing legal or informal restriction, specifically, stock market liberalization. Thus the paper is to investigate the effects of the subsequent stock market liberalization on stock market integration in 4 ASEAN countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore) and Korea from 1997 to 2007...

While a rapidly growing body of research underscores the influence of social capital on financial decisions and economic developments, objective data-based measurements of social capital are lacking. We introduce average credit scores as an indicator of a community’s social capital and present evidence that this measure is consistent with, but richer and more robust than, those used in the exis...

This research presents a dynamic model of crime in which agents anticipate future consequences of their actions. Current period decisions affect future outcomes by a process of capital accumulation. While investigating the role of human capital, the focus of our study is on a form of capital that has received somewhat less attention in the literature, social capital. Social capital is an index ...

Abstract T he return of capital is fundamental to the intertemporal allocation of resources by changing the consumption behavior and capital accumulation over time. Taxation on return of capital increases the marginal product of capital, meaning that capital stock is lower than when capital is not taxed, which results decreased growth and welfare in steady state. This pape...