Mass balance studies in forested catchments in the northeastern USA show that S losses via streamwater SO4 exceed measured atmospheric S inputs. Possible sources of the excess S loss include underestimated dry deposition, mineralization of organic S in soils, desorption of soil sulphate, oxidation of recently formed sulphides and mineral weathering. Evaluating the relative contribution of these...

Areas of the Last Glaciation in northern Poland differ widely as to the conditions controlling the formation of river runoff and solute loads. The aim of the research was to identify chief mechanisms of stream alimentation in this area depending on the scale of a catchment. The analysis rested on data from hydrochemical profiling. Three types of systems were found to occur: in spring-head catch...

Climate change scenarios for northern boreal regions indicate that there will be increasing temperature and precipitation, and the changes are expected to be larger in winter than in summer. These precipitation and discharge patterns, coupled with shorter ice cover/soil frost periods in the future would be expected to contribute significantly to changing flow paths of organic matter over a rang...

Improving the predictive capabilities of rainfall-runoff models in ungauged catchments is a challenging task but has important theoretical and practical significance. In this study, we investigated the predictive capabilities of the conceptual Xinanjiang model (XAJ), which is widely used for flood forecasting and simulation in China, in ungauged catchments. We further produced a hybrid rainfall...

Hydrologic regionalization deals with the investigation of homogeneity in watersheds and provides a classification of watersheds for regional analysis. The classification thus obtained can be used as a basis for mapping data from gauged to ungauged sites and can improve extreme event prediction. This paper proposes a wavelet power spectrum (WPS) coupled with the self-organizing map method for c...

The archaeological database 4. GIS approaches to the archaeology of Hvar 5. GIS approaches to territorial boundary definition 6. Cairns and tumuli; agricultural clearance or ritual activity 6.1. Problems in the definition of stone cairns and tumuli 6.2.The analysis of stone cairns on the island of Hvar 7. Roman villas in the landscape 8. The Greeks on Hvar: optimal paths and visibility analysis...

Accurate estimate of flood flows at selected return periods is a fundamental step in flood control and design of hydraulic structures. Due to the inadequacy or unavailability of flood flow records in several western catchments of Iran, traditional regional flood frequency methods lead to remarkable estimate errors, particularly for long return periods. In this research, discriminant analysis is...

amir kabir dam was built in varian strait, at 23 km north of karaj in 1961. the dam is multipurpose and its maim aims are the spring floods control, supplying potable water for tehran city, producing electricity and providing irrigation water. different pollutants which discharge to the river finally enter to the dam reservoir. determining the pollution loads of the dam sub-catchments can help ...

The response of twenty acid-sensitive headwater catchments in Nova Scotia to acidic deposition was investigated for the period 1850–2100 using a dynamic hydrochemical model (MAGIC: Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments). To ensure robust model simulation, MAGIC was calibrated to the long-term chemical trend in annual 5 lake observations (13–20 years). Model simulations indicated t...

This contribution brings to a close a special issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences concerning the assessment of nitrogen dynamics in catchments across Europe within a semi-distributed Integrated Nitrogen model for multiple source assessment in Catchments (INCA). The wide range of issues involved in relation to hydrology and within-catchment processes, scale (from small catchments to maj...