The contribution of 1,8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin to cadmium (Cd) tolerance in two dark septate endophytes (DSE) the genus Cadophora with different content was investigated vitro. DSE isolate Cad#148 higher showed Cd than less melanised Cad#149. Melanin synthesis significantly reduced by both isolates uninhibited synthesis, a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition tricyclazole relative gro...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The colonic microflora is involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) but less than 30% of the microflora can be cultured. We investigated potential differences in the faecal microflora between patients with colonic CD in remission (n=9), patients with active colonic CD (n=8), and healthy volunteers (n=16) using culture independent techniques. METHODS Quantitative...

Expression of the bacterial gene for cytosine deaminase (CD; EC 3.5.4.1) in mammalian cells was evaluated as a negative selection system or suicide vector for potential use in gene transfer studies and therapies. Mammalian cells, unlike certain bacteria and fungi, do not contain the enzyme CD and do not ordinarily metabolize cytosine to uracil. Nor do they metabolize the innocuous compound 5-fl...

OBJECTIVE Celiac disease (CD) has a prevalence of 0.55% to 1% in Italy. Identifying CD in schoolchildren to characterize CD iceberg and evaluate the effect of diagnosis in screening-detected children. METHODS A total of 7377 5- to 8-year-old children were invited to participate. A total of 5733 salivary samples were collected and tested for anti-transglutaminase antibodies (tTGAb), using a fl...

Aims: Strong expression of CD 34 has been described in many tumors. It has been proposed that these lesions arise from long-lived mesenchymal cells. We tested the hypothesis that spindle cell lesions of the breast arise from similar mesenchymal cells in mammary stroma, and to determine the potential diagnostic value of CD 34 immunostaining in these lesions. Methods and results: Sections of fibr...

OBJECTIVE Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong gluten-sensitive intestinal enteropathy that is multifactorial in its etiology. In the present study, we evaluated basic anthropometric, clinical, laboratory, and histological features of 140 Turkish children with CD. We particularly underscored the association of CD with other autoimmune diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS During the period from 1999 t...

Dietary studies in marine mammals are traditionally performed by stomach contents analyses, which may be insufficient to determine long-term dietary preferences of these upper level predators. Our primary objective was to test the efficiency of trace metal measurements as complementary tools in dietary studies. Variations in cadmium (Cd) exposure through the diet and its effective renal levels ...

A flame photometric method using atomic fluorescence (AFS) for cadmium (Cd) estimation is described and applied to the measurement of Cd in blood. The AFS system employs a modified, low cost atomic absorption spectrophotometer, with a high intensity Cd light source provided by an electrodeless discharge tube, excited in a thermostatted microwave cavity. The analytical sensitivity of the techniq...

This study investigates the effect in rats of acute CdCl(2) (5 microM) intoxication on renal function and characterizes the transport of Ca(2+), Cd(2+), and Zn(2+) in the proximal tubule (PT), loop of Henle (LH), and terminal segments of the nephron (DT) using whole kidney clearance and nephron microinjection techniques. Acute Cd(2+) injection resulted in renal losses of Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Mg...