background: drug utilization studies are helpful in understanding the current practice. we have conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the relevant use of a group of most commonly prescribed antibiotics in a teaching hospital in iran.  the results of this study may be of help for clinicians to improve the patient care. methods: patients who received parenteral ceftazidim, vancomycin and am...

Ceftazidime is a valuable third-generation bactericidal cephalosporin. Ceftazidime inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial cell peptidoglycan, causing inhibition of bacterial growth or cell lyses and death. Common nosocomial gram-negative organisms susceptible to ceftazidime include Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria, Moraxella catarrhalis, Proteus mirabil...

OBJECTIVES The effect of ceftazidime dosing increments and frequency of dosing on the selection of ceftazidime-resistant Enterobacter cloacae in the intestine was studied in rats, during treatment of a pulmonary infection caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS Rats with pulmonary infection (n = 10 per group) received therapy with doses of ceftazidime at 3.1 to 400 mg/kg per day at a frequen...

The in vivo efficacies of pefloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, and amikacin-ceftazidime were compared in 50 rabbits with experimental aortic endocarditis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Animals were randomly chosen to receive 4 or 10 days of no therapy (controls), pefloxacin (40 mg/kg [body weight] per day, intramuscularly [i.m.]), or amikacin (30 or 80 mg/kg per day, i.m.)-ceftazidime (150 mg/...

BACKGROUND The global emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae highlights the urgent need to reduce carbapenem dependence. The phase 3 RECAPTURE program compared the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam and doripenem in patients with complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI), including acute pyelonephritis. METHODS Hospitalized adults with suspected or microbiologically c...

results the isolates were completely resistant to the tested antibiotics, with minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values for ceftazidime, imipenem, and gentamicin between 256 to > 256 μg/ml, 8 to > 256 μg/ml, and 64 to > 256 μg/ml, respectively. the r. dentatus extract had a broad spectrum activity against all tested isolates and maximum growth inhibition against isolates from burn wound an...

In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of M14659 were investigated. In vitro activity of M14659 was superior to that of ceftazidime against Staphylococcus aureus. Against Gram-negative bacteria except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, its activity was almost equal to that of ceftazidime. M14659 was more active against P. aeruginosa including multi-drug resistant strains than c...

The in vitro activity of ceftazidime in combination with NXL104 versus 470 Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates was evaluated using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution methods. Ceftazidime had MIC₉₀s of 8 μg/ml and 32 μg/ml in the presence and absence of NXL104, respectively. Of 25 multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, the percentages with a ceftazid...

The effect of a single dose of ceftazidime on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of sepsis was studied. IL-6 concentrations were significantly elevated (100 to 200 times the baseline) 6 h after ceftazidime administration in both septic and nonseptic (control) rats. TNF-alpha concentrations increased significantly in nons...

background and objective: metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl)-mediated resistance is an emerging threat in hospital isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. there is not enough information from iran regarding the prevalence and the screening methods for such enzymes. the present study was undertaken to detect metallo betalactamase in strains of p. aeruginosa isolated from burned patientusingphenotypic meth...