The phenomenon of urban growth has become an important issue that affects the land use system and cover in a region for several reasons, such as population economy. This also one main environmental issues lately because it devastated ecosystems. Ternate Tengah District highest rate City experienced extensive development due to pace urbanization, economic growth, population. Urbanization acceler...

With the acceleration of urbanization, changes in urban ecological environment and landscape pattern have led to a series prominent environmental problems. In order better coordinate balanced relationship between city environment, we selected land use change data evaluate habitat quality Hohhot City China, which is great practical significance for regional economic development. Thus, integrated...

Unambiguous automata are nondeterministic in which every word has at most one accepting run. In this paper we give a polynomial-time algorithm for model checking discrete-time Markov chains against ω-regular specifications represented as unambiguous automata. We furthermore show that the complexity of problem lies NC: subclass P comprising those problems solvable poly-logarithmic parallel time....

In this paper we review some recent results on the evolution of probability measures under cellular automata acting on a fullshift. In particular we discuss the crucial role of the attractiveness of maximal measures. We enlarge the context of the results of a previous study of topological Markov chains that are Abelian groups; the shift map is an automorphism of this group. This is carried out ...

The analysis of forest cover change at different scales is an increasingly important research topic in environmental studies. Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) integrated approach to manage and restore forests across various landscapes environments. Such restoration helps meet the targets Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)–15, as outlined UN Environment’s sixth Global Outlook, which includes s...

Understanding the spatiotemporal changes in land use and cover (LULC) watershed is crucial for maintaining sustainability of resources. This study intents to understand historical (1972–2015) future (2030–2060) distribution LULC Upper Awash Basin (UAB). The supervised Maximum Likelihood Classifier technique (MLC) was implemented classification. Cellular Automata-Markov (CA–Markov) model employe...

Rapid urbanization aggravates the degradation of wetland function. However, few studies have quantitatively analyzed and predicted comprehensive impacts different scenarios types human activities on ecosystems from perspective land development. Combined with Habitat Risk Assessment (HRA) model Cellular Automata (Ca)-Markov model, this study measured impact intensity spatial distribution ecosyst...