This paper introduces a cognitive radio scheme based on quality of experience (QoE). QoE involves the mobile end user’s preferences. Considering QoE can lead to an improved cognitive radio resource management strategy. The cognitive radio scheme aims to manage the traffic flow in dynamic systems; it is a new way of thinking about dynamic resource management in cellular systems. The Use of the c...

T CDMA cellular radio system was designed to operate within the same radio frequency spectrum as the older (preceding) advanced mobile phone system (AMPS ) system in the U.S. cellular band. The RF scheme for AMPS employs many closely spaced and relatively narrowband FM channels. By contrast, the RF scheme for CDMA employs fewer, and relatively wideband RF channels. As a result, CDMA channel pla...

To enhance the spectral efficiency and to improve service quality for cellular radio systems, a new microcellular system has been proposed [1-5] that operate over a relatively short radio path (on the order of 200 m to 1000 m), using relatively low antennas (about the same height as lamp posts), and transmitting at relatively low power (typically on the order of 10 m W). This new concept of mic...

Frequency planning is a key issues in fully exploiting the radio spectrum available to GSM . It has a significant impact on the quantity as well as on the quality of the radio communication services. Every change of the radio network infrastructure typically calls for a change of the frequency assignment. Roughly speaking, radio communication requires a radio signal of sufficient strength which...

The Radio over Fiber (ROF) communication technology combines the technical blessings of each fiber communication and wireless Cellular communication to unravel the issues of information measure, flexibility and magnetic attraction interference. Future generation of cellular Communication system should be capable of serving prime quality and broadband services even in extremely dense urban area....

the entomopathogenic-fungus-life cycle is associated with the synthesis and secretion of a number of toxic metabolites, including extracellular enzymes and the low-molecular weight compound (toxin). the potential for a successful pathogen relies on the ability to overcome the various host-defence systems. interaction between the fungus, tolypocla-dium (deuteromycetes), its secondary metabolite,...

Radio fingerprinting is the process which identifies a cellular phone / other radio transmitter by the unique "fingerprint" which characterizes the signal transmission. Location fingerprinting determines receiver position with the help of database of RSS measurements from different sources .Location fingerprinting a positioning method that explores existing infrastructures e.g. cellular network...