The fibrolytic microbiota of the human large intestine was examined to determine the numbers and types of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria present. Fecal samples from each of five individuals contained bacteria capable of degrading the hydrated cellulose in spinach and in wheat straw pretreated with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP-WS), whereas degradation of the relatively crystalline...

Cellulolytic enzyme preparations active against various forms of cellulose have been reported by a number of investigators who have used a variety of different sources (8). Fungi which have been employed for the preparation of such extracts are Sporotrichum cards (15), Aspergillus oryxae (3,2), Merulius lachrymans (9), and Coniophora cerebella (7), while bacteria have included Bacterium protoxo...

We used RNA probes and enzyme activities to compare the cellulolytic microbial ecosystems of the rumen and the cecum. Four rumen- and cecum-cannulated wethers were fed a diet of barley plus hay (60:40). Digesta samples were collected 1 h before feeding and 3, 6, and 9 h after feeding for measurements on microbial populations, and 1 h before feeding and 3 and 6 h after feeding for digestion meas...

Cellulolytic enzyme preparations active against various forms of cellulose have been reported by a number of investigators who have used a variety of different sources (8). Fungi which have been employed for the preparation of such extracts are Sporotrichum cards (15), Aspergillus oryxae (3,2), Merulius lachrymans (9), and Coniophora cerebella (7), while bacteria have included Bacterium protoxo...

The genus Micromonospora comprises actinomycetes with high biotechnological potential, due to their ability to produce secondary metabolites and enzymes. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of Micromonospora sp. NBS 11-29, which showed antibacterial, cellulolytic, and xylanolytic activities under in vitro conditions.

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Clostridium termitidis strain CT1112 (DSM 5398), a mesophilic, cellulolytic bacterium that can utilize a variety of sugars, as well as pure cellulose, as a sole carbon source; it also synthesizes fermentation end products with potential industrial applications.

Diverse cellulolytic bacteria are essential for maintaining high lignocellulose degradation ability in biogas digesters. However, little was known about functional genes and gene clusters of dominant cellulolytic bacteria in biogas digesters. This is the foundation to understand lignocellulose degradation mechanisms of biogas digesters and apply these gene resource for optimizing biofuel produc...

Techniques were evaluated for formation of a liquid inoculum from shredded municipal refuse, including chilling the refuse at 4 degrees C prior to blending and multiple washing and blending cycles. The average count of cellulolytic bacteria from six different detachment treatments was 5.1 x 10 cells per g (dry weight) of refuse with a range of 0.7 x 10 to 12.7 x 10 cells per g (dry weight). The...

Background Cellulolytic enzymes (glucohidrolases EC 3.2.1.-) are biocatalizators highly specific. They act in synergy to hydrolyze b-1,4 bonds between monosaccharide units of D-glucose in the cellulose chain releasing its constituents. Cellulases are categorized according to the place they act in the cellulosic fiber. Endoglucanases start hydrolysis, exoglucanases act in the reduced terminal pr...

The threat of climate change has intensified efforts toward the development of safer alternatives to depleting fossil fuels (Cox et al., 2000). Lignocellulosic bioethanol is considered to be a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. Though lignocellulosic biomass is available in massive quantities and is renewable (Dillon and Dillon, 2003; Lynd et al., 2008; Pauly and K...