Central Chemoreflex Sensitivity in Congestive Heart Failure To the Editor: The data of Narkiewicz et al1 expand our understanding of the importance of the imbalance between enhanced central versus peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity in the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure. The authors comment on the links between central cardiovascular and respiratory control, but despite this, patien...

Chiari Type I malformation (CM-I) is a rare disorder with displaced cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum. Here we present a 30-year-old man with severe central and obstructive sleep apneas as presenting manifestations of CM-I. The patient underwent neurosurgery and the follow-up polysomnography revealed the resolution of central apnea while obstructive apnea remained unchanged. Central sle...

Caples, Sean M., Robert Wolk, and Virend K. Somers. Influence of cardiac function and failure on sleep-disordered breathing: evidence for a causative role. J Appl Physiol 99: 2433-2439, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00676.2005.— Heart failure is an increasingly common public health problem that is strongly linked to both central and obstructive sleep apnea, collectively referred to as sleep-di...

OBJECTIVES To determine and quantify changes in both central and obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Down syndrome (DS) after adenotonsillectomy (AT). STUDY DESIGN Case series with chart review. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The records of all patients with DS who underwent AT for sleep-disordered breathing between November 2008 and December 2014 wer...

Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) is characterized by intermittent apneas and hypopneas during sleep that result from absent central respiratory drive. CSA occurs almost exclusively during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep due to enhanced neuronal ventilatory drive during REM sleep that makes central apneas highly unlikely to form. A 45-year-old obese African American female presented with co-existin...

Background: Many reports are available about the increasing rate of mortality due to overuse of opioids. It has been suggested that sleep apnea can be a cause of mortality because of overuse of opioids. Opium use is common in Iran. This study aimed to assess the effect of opium on polysomnographic findings in opium addicts with sleep apnea syndrome. Materials and Methods: In this prospective ca...

We postulated that three extremely obese Yucatan miniature pigs would have more sleep apnea than three nonobese Yucatan miniature pigs. Pigs were studied with the use of electroencephalograms, inductance plethysmography, oximetry, expired nasal CO2, or thermistors. All of the obese pigs, but none of the nonobese pigs, had both sleep apnea (8.5, 10.3, and 97.0 in obese pigs vs. O apnea + hypopne...

We describe the first case of a patient with Japanese encephalitis suffering from central sleep apnea. The patient was a 58-year-old man who presented with high fever, semicomatose state, nuchal stiffness, and incontinence of feces. The patient had complication of severe pneumonia, and was ventilated with a respirator. After weaning from the respirator, desaturation of oxygen was observed durin...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the association of sleep apnea with heart disease. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Medical wards at the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System. PATIENTS Three hundred fifty-three randomly selected inpatient men. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Sleep was recorded for 2 nights in the hospital. Medical conditions were obtained from hospital medical records. Cox...

RATIONALE Opioids have become part of contemporary treatment in the management of chronic pain. However, chronic use of opioids has been associated with high prevalence of sleep apnea which could contribute to morbidity and mortality of such patients. OBJECTIVES The main aim of this study was to treat sleep apnea in patients on chronic opioids. METHODS Five consecutive patients who were ref...