Degenerative cervical spondylolisthesis (DCS) had previously been thought to be a rare condition when compared to degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. However, with consequences from untreated spondylolisthesis including pain, myelopathy, and radiculopathy, it has now become recognized as an under-studied condition which may be more prevalent than previously thought. Spondylolisthesis of the ...

© 2014 Akyol et al.; licensee El Mednifico Journal. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cite this article as: Akyol M, Gokdemir O, Ozturk T: Multimodality imagi...

Thoracic disc herniations are commonly found in asymptomatic individuals, sometimes with genetic predisposition. Congenital fusions of cervical vertebrae occur in Klippel-Feil syndrome, which may be asymptomatic or cause compressive myelitis due to cervical instability or associated herniated discs. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with monophasic acute transverse myelitis probably cause...

The Hox gene products are transcription factors involved in specifying regional identity along the anteroposterior body axis. In the mouse, several single mutants for Hox genes show variably penetrant, partial homeotic transformations of vertebrae at their anterior limits of expression, suggesting that compound Hox mutants might show more complete transformations with greater penetrance than th...

Study Design A prospective cohort study. Objective Decompression and fusion of cervical vertebrae is a combined procedure that has a high success rate in relieving radicular symptoms and stabilizing or improving cervical myelopathy. However, fusion may lead to increased motion of the adjacent vertebrae and cervical deformity. Both have been postulated to lead to adjacent segment pathology (ASP)...

A case of a Schmorl's node in the cervical vertebra causing neck pain is reported. An inflammatory focus was found on histological examination of Schmorl's node indicating a possible mechanism of pain production.

UNLABELLED This review constitutes the first of four reviews that systematically address contemporary knowledge about the mechanical behavior of the cervical vertebrae and the soft-tissues of the cervical spine, under normal conditions and under conditions that result in minor or major injuries. This first review considers the normal kinematics of the cervical spine, which predicates the apprec...

INTRODUCTION Orthodontic diagnosis includes the interpretation of the relations between the craniofacial and cervical system, given the potential impact of the irregularities from one system to another. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine morphological characteristics of the cervical spine, depending on the parameters of the vertical craniofacial growth and gender in adult subjects...

—The vertebrae of sauropod dinosaurs are characterized by complex architecture involving laminae, fossae, and internal chambers of various shapes and sizes. These structures are interpreted as osteological correlates of a system of air sacs and pneumatic diverticula similar to that of birds. In extant birds, diverticula of the cervical air sacs pneumatize the cervical and anterior thoracic vert...

Skeletal formation is a fundamental element of body patterning and is strictly regulated both temporally and spatially by a variety of molecules. Among these, retinoic acid (RA) has been shown to be involved in normal skeletal development. However, its pleiotropic effects have caused difficulty in identifying its crucial target cells and molecular mechanisms for each effect. Development of cart...