in the current study, we assessed the role of transient receptor potential (trp) channels on avoidance memory and anxiety states in ca3 area of the hippocampus. we explored the anxiety and avoidance memory states using test-retest protocol in the elevated plus maze to understand whether trp channels can affect the above mentioned states in ca3 area. to investigate the consolidation phase of mem...

abstract background and objective: according to the importance of learning and memory in the human life and also unavoidable neural degeneration due to aging, finding new compounds (drugs) against this process is valuable. however, there are many recommendations for herbal medicine and constituents which encouraged us to examine a candidate plant zingiber officinalis for the mentioned purpose. ...

BACKGROUND Cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate blockers are commonly used for the treatment of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The aim was to evaluate the effects of rivastigmine and memantine alone or in combination in rats with scopolamine-impaired memory. METHOD 5 groups of rats were used: control, scopolamine (model), model with rivastigmine, model with memantine, and mod...

Convergence of portable consumer electronics, telecommunications, networking and multimedia entertainment platforms is nowadays a reality that demands increasing data rates and better coverage of wireless networks. In this context, MIMO antenna systems have been developed to raise the throughput without an increase in occupied bandwidth or modulation complexity and to improve coverage with no l...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a disorder with multiple pathophysiological causes, destructive outcomes, and no available definitive cure. pelargonidin (pel), an anthocyanin derivative, is an estrogen receptor agonist with little estrogen side effects. this study was designed to assess pel memory enhancing effects on the a rat amyloid beta 25-35 (aβ) intrahippocampal microinjections model of ad in...

BACKGROUND It has been reported that epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system that causes memory impairment. This study examines the role of the aqueous extract of Boswellia on the learning disability of the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindled rats. METHODS In this experimental study, 64 male rats were used. Kindling seizures were induced by three injections of 25 mg/kg of PTZ...

Rodents post-weaning isolation could be considered a significant early-life model of chronic stress. The aim our study was to investigate the effects female rats on different behavioral tests and neurochemical parameters. On postnatal day 21, pups were housed either isolated or socially in groups (4/cage) for 6 weeks. After 6th week adult behaviorally examined using open field test, three chamb...