Global analyses of RNA expression levels are useful for classifying genes and overall phenotypes. Often these classification problems are linked, and one wants to find "marker genes" that are differentially expressed in particular sets of "conditions." We have developed a method that simultaneously clusters genes and conditions, finding distinctive "checkerboard" patterns in matrices of gene ex...

This paper presents a stochastic direct search method for topology optimization of continuum structures. In a systematic approach requiring repeated evaluations of the objective function, the element exchange method (EEM) eliminates the less influential solid elements by switching them into void elements and converts the more influential void elements into solid resulting in an optimal 0–1 topo...

Checkerboard patterns have been proposed to explain the real space structure observed in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments on BSCCO and Na-CCOC. However, simple checkerboard patterns have low energy incommsensurate IC spin peaks rotated 45° from the direction of the charge IC peaks, contrary to what is seen in neutron scattering. Here, we study modulated checkerboard patterns which can ...

An in vitro method of detecting synergy which is simple to perform, accurate, and reproducible and has the potential for clinical extrapolation is desirable. Time-kill and checkerboard methods are the most widely used techniques to assess synergy but are time-consuming and labor-intensive. The Epsilometer test (E test), a less technically demanding test, has not been well studied for synergy te...

In recent years, Acinetobacter strains have emerged as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens, especially in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). The progressively increasing antibiotic resistance against A. baumannii is now a major problem in our country as it is throughout the world. This resistance against A.baumannii has increased and led clinicians to find alternative...

A checkerboard constraint is a bounded measurable set 2, containing the origin. A binary labeling of the 2 lattice satisfies the checkerboard constraint if whenever 2 is labeled 1, all of the other 2-lattice points in the translate + are labeled 0. Two-dimensional channels that only allow labelings of 2 satisfying checkerboard constraints are studied. Let ( ) be the area of , and let ( ) mean t...

Phase 1, with electrical conductivity σ1, occupies the “bowtie” region of angle ±α, while phase 2, with conductivity σ2 σ1, occupies the remaining region. Deduce the approximate form of lines of current density J when a background electric field is applied along the symmetry axis of phase 1. What is the effective conductivity σ of the system, defined by the relation I = σΔφ between the total cu...

Since the introduction of the P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) speller by Farwell and Donchin in 1988, the speed and accuracy of the system has been significantly improved. Larger electrode montages and various signal processing techniques are responsible for most of the improvement in performance. New presentation paradigms have also led to improvements in bit rate and accuracy (e.g. Townse...