in this paper the partial and total factors productivities of isfahan province industries are analyzed. the two digit isic yearly data is used for period 1972-1993 . the results shoe that the average partial labor productivity are 6/8 and 2/2 mil. rials which are corresponded to chemical and wood industries, respectively. the average labor productivity of all industries is roughly constant befo...

Not all industries face high patent discovery costs. Chemical patents are "indexable," meaning that relevant patents can be efficiently retrieved by chemical formula. As a result, discovery costs in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries are low, and inadvertent infringement by firms in these industries is rare. But many other patent categories are not indexable, and in some cases that make...