Neural development in the chick embryo is now understood in great detail on a cellular and a molecular level. It begins already before gastrulation, when a separation of neural and epidermal cell fates occurs under the control of FGF and BMP/Wnt signalling, respectively. This early specification becomes further refined around the tip of the primitive streak, until finally the anterior-posterior...

Previous studies indicate that organ fibroblasts play an important role in wound healing, collagen production, remodeling processes and pathogenesis of progressive heart, lung, renal and hepatic fibrotic diseases. Several studies suggest a possible inhibitory role for adenosine in the regulation of fibroblast proliferation. The effect of adenosine A2 agonists on proliferation and differentiatio...

Chick embryos, chick embryo fibroblasts, and Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts contain a factor that preferentially blocks the accumulation of DNA-directed RNA polymerase II transcripts. The factor was detected by inhibition of transcription in a cell-free assay system utilizing partially purified RNA polymerase II from calf thymus, soluble factors from HeLa cells, and a p...

Chick embryos have been used as alternative experimental animals in various research fields, including virology, immunology, toxicology, oncology, and embryology. Until now, there have been no in vivo models using chick embryo to evaluate radiosensitizing activity. Here, the in vivo radiosensitizing activity of etanidazole, a well-known hypoxic cell radiosensitizer, was evaluated using tumor-be...

Two putative receptors for fibroblast growth factor (FGF) of approximately 150 and 200 kD were identified in membrane preparations from chick embryos. Specific binding (femtomoles/milligram) of 125I-aFGF to whole chick embryonic membranes was relatively constant from day 2 to 7, then decreased fivefold between days 7 and 13. Day-19 chick embryos retained 125I-aFGF binding at low levels to brain...

human diploid fibroblast cells produce a spectrum of necessary growth factors and extracellular matrix (ecm) components essential for growth and proliferation of a variety of other cell types. in this study, the effect of five human embryonic fibroblast cell lines, isolated from liver, lung, skin and foreskin tissues, was investigated. a coculture system analyse was employed to cloning efficien...

The developmental stages [4] of the chick [5] embryo were examined by Viktor Hamburger [6] and Howard L. Hamilton [7] in ?A Series of Normal Stages in the Development of the Chick Embryo,? published in the Journal of Morphology [8] in 1951. These stages were published to standardize the development of the chick [5] based on varying laboratory conditions and genetic differences. The stages Hambu...

Treatment of chick embryo fibroblast cells or mouse L-cells with homologous interferon resulted in a reduced formation of poxvirus specific polysomes and of viral RNA. In chick cells infected with cowpox virus the reduced formation of viral polysomes and virus-specific RNA after pre­ treatment of cells with interferon was observed at all timepoints studied (1 — 6 hours p. i.). Ex­ posure of cel...