Chitin is a polysaccharide composed from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth and found mainly in invertebrates, insects, marine diatoms, algae, fungi, and yeasts. Recent investigations confirm the suitability of chitin and its derivatives in chemistry, biotechnology, medicine, veterinary, dentistry, agriculture, food processing, environmental protect...

Abstract Crab shell waste can cause pollution to the surrounding environment, but has potential be used as a biosorbent in absorption of heavy metals, especially Pb because crab shells contain CaCO3 and chitin. Methods: Several variables that play role biosorption process, among others: initial metal concentration, mass, contact time. was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) metho...

High molecular weight nanocrystalline chitosan (HMWNC)with Mw of 350 kDa and 66.92% DDA was prepared by alkaline N-deacetylation chitin that abundantly obtained after demineralization deproteinization pulverized crab shells, commercially available oligosaccharide (COS) with average Mw< 3000 Da 87% encapsulated HMWNC. The encapsulation COS as a pharmaceutical ingredient into HMWC hypothesized...

BACKGROUND After cellulose and starch, chitin is the third-most abundant biopolymer on earth. Chitin or its deacetylated derivative chitosan is a valuable product with a number of applications. It is one of the main components of shrimp shells, a waste product of the fish industry. To obtain chitin from Penaeus monodon, wet and dried shrimp shells were deproteinated with two specifically enrich...

Preparation of glucosamine hydrochloride from the chitin horseshoe crab shells using chemical hydrolysis method has been done HCl concentration variation ratios 7%, 9%, 11%,14 % with a ratio 9:1 (v/w) for 4 hours at temperature 90ºC. Determination characteristics was characterized Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, in which obtained OH group were 3446 cm-1 (s), 3448 3450 respecti...

1. Eggs of the potato cyst-nematode (Heterodera rostochiensis Woll.) were isolated by sieving a suspension of crushed cysts. Eggs were broken open by ultrasonic vibration and the egg shells separated from the released larvae by centrifuging in a potassium tartrate density gradient. About 1 mg. of dried egg shells was obtained from 1000 cysts. 2. The major constituent of the egg shells was prote...

Chitin and Chitosan are polysaccharides found abundantly in nature. The presence of these polysaccharides is found largely in marine ecosystem next only to the plant source is noteworthy. Especially the production and consumption of crustaceans like crabs and prawns have increased in the recent years, thereby generating a large amount of solid shell waste. In the present study the crab, Scylla ...

This study focuses on the isolation, chemical and crystalline structures, kinetics of heterogeneous deacetylation chitin from mud crab shells ( Scylla serrata). The independent variables in this work are temperature, NaOH concentration, reaction time. degree (DD) resulting chitosan was determined for different times. It found that DD increases nonlinearly with followed pseudo first-order it occ...

The shell-breaking behavior of the crabs 0:iu.y verrec~uxri Saussure 1853 and Eriphia .squtmwta. Stimpson 1859 from the Bay of Panama is described. The master claws of both these crabs are well designed for breaking shells. Small shells, relative to the size of a crab predator, are crushed by progressively breaking off larger segments of a shell’s apex, while larger shells are peeled by inserti...