Human milk is a repository for certain classes of long-lived, fat-soluble environmental contaminant chemicals. Some members of this class, such as the chlorinated pesticides and the chlorinated biphenyls, can be expected to be present at chemical waste disposal sites. Analysis of samples of breast milk obtained from women near such a site could provide documentation that exposure has taken plac...

Environmental contaminants include the potentially toxic metals lead, cadmium and mercury; the chlorinated pesticides mirex, toxaphene and hexachlorobenzene; chlorinated dioxins and furans; polyaromatic hydrocarbons; and polychlorinated biphenyls. While many of these chemicals are resistant to degradation in the natural environment, they dissolve readily in oils and thus accumulate in the fatty...

Acute static bioassays were conducted with 13 pesticides to determine their comparative toxicity to fish. There was a wide range in the toxicity of these compounds with 96-hour TLm values ranging from 0.0033 to 4.0 mg/1. Of the compounds tested, Thiodan, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, and Thimet, an organic phosphorus pesticide, were the most toxic; and Bayer 29493, an organic phosphorus compound, ...

Persistent organochlorines such as ΣDDT, chlordane, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), heptachlor and endosulfan were determined in water and sediment samples of freshwater systems in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa that receive runoff from agricultural lands and effluents from industries. The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water and sediments were determined by liquid/liquid extraction an...

Coumarins have much importance in dyes, drugs, perfumes and pesticides. In the demonstrated research work, a benignant series of chlorinated coumarins was synthesized and screened against different enzymes. First, 6-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one (3) was geared up by the reaction of 4-chlororesorcinol (1) and ethyl acetoacetate (2) in the presence of concentrated H(2)SO(4). Second, ...

As a part of developing a certified testing method for residual pesticides analysis in cotton materials using gas chromatography (GC), the target pesticides listed in Oeko-tex standards should be isolated from a homogenized cotton matrix. The sample homogeneity and extraction procedures are the most effective steps in this analysis. Any error in this procedure must leads to incorrect results. T...

BACKGROUND Residents of Anniston, Alabama, live near a Monsanto plant that manufactured polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from 1929 to 1971 and are relatively heavily exposed. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine the relationship, if any, between blood pressure and levels of total serum PCBs, several PCB groups with common actions or structure, 35 individual PCB congeners, and ni...