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In a recent paper, Gilman and Philips (1) pointed out that the P-chloroethyl vesicants are extremely toxic compounds which have specific effects on the bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, and the intestinal mucosa. In addition, the systemic injury produced by these mustards causes a series of complex biochemical and physiological changes in the body. This investigation was undertaken to determine th...

Mustard gas, bis(β-chloroethyl) sulfide (HD), is highly toxic and harmful to humans and the environment. It comprises one class of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) that was used in both World Wars I and II. The three basic analogues or surrogates are: the monochloro derivative, known as the half mustard, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES); an oxygen analogue, bis(β-chloroethyl) ether (BCEE); and ...

The decontamination and remediation of sulfur mustard chemical warfare agents remains an ongoing challenge. Herein, we report the use of "off-the-shelf" metal salts alongside commercially available peroxides to catalyze the degradation of the simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) in solution and encapsulated within a supramolecular gel.

The photooxidation of a mustard-gas simulant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), is studied using a porphyrin-based metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst. At room temperature and neutral pH value, singlet oxygen is generated by PCN-222/MOF-545 using an inexpensive and commercially available light-emitting diode. The singlet oxygen produced by PCN-222/MOF-545 selectively oxidizes CEES to the c...

Television markets in the CEE region have experienced rapid growth in recent years. The number of multichannel TV households (households that can receive cable or satellite television, as well as terrestrial channels) grew by almost 50 percent and the share of Pay TV increased to over 40 percent between 2008 and 2010. Demand for multichannel TV in the region, however, is far from reaching satur...

My paper addresses an issue that is rarely discussed in the economics literature: how does the economic actors’ trust in each other and in the legal and political institutions affect a country’s economic performance? The first part of the paper is an empirical analysis of the interrelationship between confidence in institutions in different countries, the economic actors’ willingness to coopera...

in the present study, tenorite (cuo) nanoparticles have been assayed for their catalytic properties. the decontamination reaction of chloro ethyl ethyl sulfide (cees) as an surrogate of sulfur mustard simulant have been accomplished on the surface of cuo nps with different weight ratios at ambient temperature and monitored by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (gc-fid) a...