A method termed hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) was utilized to extract three chlorophenols, 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), separately from water. The extracted chlorophenols were then separated, identified, and quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry with photodiode array detection (UV-Vis/DAD). In the study, experi...

Burkholderia (formerly Pseudomonas) cepacia AC1100 mineralizes the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4,5-T), and the first intermediate of 2,4,5-T degradation is 2,4,5-trichlorophenol. Chlorophenol 4-monooxygenase activity responsible for 2,4,5-trichlorophenol degradation was detected in the cell extract. The enzyme consisted of two components separated during purification, and both we...

The formation and structure of inclusion complexes of αand β-cyclodextrins with 2-chlorophenol (2CP), 3-chlorophenol (3CP), 4-chlorophenol (4CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (24DCP), 2,6-dichlorophenol (26DCP) and 3,4-dichlorophenol (34DCP) have been studied by UV-VIS and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Both cyclodextrins were found to form 1 : 1 inclusion complexes. Binding constants estimated from titration stud...

There is currently great environmental interest in chlorinated phenol derivatives due to their high toxicity and wide industrial use. In response, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has compiled a list of eleven phenols that are considered to be priority pollutants. In 1982, the EEC issued its own pollutant list which includes a large number of polychlorophenols, and established a maximu...

A closed-system algal toxicity test with no headspace was applied to evaluate the toxicity of chlorophenols to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The dissolved oxygen production and the growth rate based on cell density were the response endpoints. Phenol and seven chlorophenols were tested using the above test technique. Median effective concentrations (EC50) range from 0.004 to 25.93 mg/l (base...

Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) were developed to predict toxicity of chlorophenols by correlating LC50 values with five molecular descriptors, chosen to represent lipophilic, electronic and steric effects: the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (log K(ow)), the constant of Hammett (sigma sigma), the acid dissociation constant (pKa), the order valence molecular connectivi...

Pd/mesoporous silica-carbon nanocomposites with 3.2 nm Pd particles, prepared by a simple wetness impregnation method, have demonstrated high activity at 258 K for the hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols with a high selectivity.