OBJECTIVE To characterize and evaluate osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes, in comparison to normal chondrocytes, through a novel 3-dimensional (3-D) culture system, poly(ethylene-glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) was also used to simulate an in vitro OA model. METHODS Normal and OA chondrocytes were cultured in monolayer and analyzed for changes in cartilage-specif...

INTRODUCTION This study was designed to quantify the role of the pericellular matrix (PCM) in chondrocyte apoptosis using chondrons, which are a cartilage functional unit including a chondrocyte and its associated PCM. METHODS Chondrocytes and chondrons were enzymatically isolated from human articular cartilage and exposed to monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) and staurosporine for apoptosis induct...

Introduction: Paralysed chondrocytes are cells with uncommon morphology that recently have been seen among the non-hypertrophic chondrocytes of rabbit growth cartilage. Paralysed chondrocytes characterised by condensed nucleus and well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatous and numerous secretory vesicles. Because, in some examples, the cytoplasm of these cells appeared empt...

Chondrocytes grown in cell culture from micromelic chick sterna and 5-bromodeoxyuridine-treated normal cells showed reduced incorporation of sulfate into hyaluronidase-sensitive material as compared to normal chondrocytes. Proteochondroitin sulfate synthesized by normal embryonic chick chondrocytes in cell culture was heterogeneous on chromatography. The major chromatographic component was spec...

In this comparative study, we have established in vitro models of equine and elephant articular chondrocytes, examined their basic morphology, and characterized the biophysical properties of their primary voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv) currents. Using whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recording from first-expansion and first-passage cells, we measured a maximum Kv conductance of...

STUDY DESIGN We performed an ex vivo study to observe cell morphology and viability of human nucleus pulposus (NP) chondrocytes isolated from degenerated intervertebral discs (IVD). PURPOSE To better understand the biological behavior of NP chondrocytes in monolayer cultures. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Biological repair of IVDs by cell-based therapy has been shown to be feasible in clinical tri...

In the developing chick embryo tibia type X collagen is synthesized by chondrocytes from regions of hypertrophy and not by chondrocytes from other regions (Capasso, O., G. Tajana, and R. Cancedda, 1984, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:1163-1168; Schmid, T. M., and T. F. Linsenmayer, 1985, Dev. Biol. 107:375-381). To investigate further the relationship between differentiation of endochondral chondrocytes an...

INTRODUCTION Vertebrate bones develop through membranous or endochondral ossification. Except for craniofacial bones and the clavicle, all bones are established through the latter process (Olsen et al., 2000; Karsenty et al., 2009). At the onset of endochondral bone formation, mesenchymal cells first undergo condensation, followed by differentiation of cells within these condensations into chon...

Background: Articular cartilage has poor regenerative capacities. Numerous repair techniques are known, including implantation of autologous chondrocytes. Material and methods: From 18 rabbits pieces were harvested from femoral condyle. Minced was treated with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA. In the 1st group (n=9) digested 0.6% collagenase in 15 ml tubes by shaking incubator at 37°C, 5%CO2 . 2nd digestion ...

Aberrant fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) signaling disrupts chondrocyte proliferation and growth plate size and architecture, leading to various chondrodysplasias or bone overgrowth. These observations suggest that the duration, intensity and cellular context of FGFR signaling during growth plate chondrocyte maturation require tight, regulated control for proper bone elongation. How...