Arsenic toxicity is a global health problem affecting many millions of people. Contamination is caused by arsenic from natural geological sources leaching into aquifers, contaminating drinking water and may also occur from mining and other industrial processes. Arsenic is present as a contaminant in many traditional remedies. Arsenic trioxide is now used to treat acute promyelocytic leukaemia. ...

The present research aimed to determine acute toxicity and evaluate the effect of sub-lethal concentrations of diazinon on some haematological and immunological parameters of Barbus sharpeyi by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development methods. Juvenile B. sharpeyi were exposed to 0, 5%, 10% and 25% 96h LC50 concentrations of diazinon for 21 days. Blood samples were taken after ...

The trace mineral Copper (Cu) is incorporated into several enzymes which catalyze important reactions in the body. Cu is mainly stored in the liver, but is also found in the skeletal system (bone marrow) as well as in muscle, brain and spleen tissue. While unavailable dietary Cu is excreted in the feces, via bile, approximately 40-60% of dietary (ingested) Cu is absorbed into the blood by the m...

Chronic arsenic toxicity (arsenicosis) due to drinking of arsenic contaminated ground water is a major environmental health hazard throughout the world including India. A lot of new information is emerging from extensive research on health effects of chronic arsenic toxicity (CAT) in humans during the last two decades. Available literature has been reviewed to highlight the problem including it...

saffron (crocus sativus l.) has been considered as a medicinal plant since ancient times and also widely used as food additive for its color, taste and odor. the pharmacological properties of saffron and its main constituents, crocin and safranal have been evaluated using different in vivo and in vitro models. additionally, other lines of studies have found toxicological effects of saffron.  ho...

The current study examined the chronic toxicity of lead (Pb) to three invertebrate species: the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia, the snail Lymnaea stagnalis and the rotifer Philodina rapida. The test media consisted of natural waters from across North America, varying in pertinent water chemistry parameters including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), calcium, pH and total CO(2). Chronic toxicity wa...

Alpha-cypermethrin (?-CP) a synthetic pyrethroid (type-II) insecticide, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-1ml) given consecutive daily orally for 60 days at 1/10LD50 (14.5mg/kg). The animals were sacrificed on day 61st. Biochemicals, cytochromeP450, b5 contents in liver along with antioxidant status, tissue residual concentration, and brain GABA level were studied. It increased the serum am...

Hazard assessment of chemicals to aquatic organisms involves the use of many toxicity tests. Acute toxicity tests, embryo-larval toxicity tests, and chronic toxicity tests that measure survival, growth, and reproductive effects now provide the most relative utility for evaluation of potential chemical hazards to aquatic life. Physiological, biochemical, and histological measurements have a low ...