In French bean, the glycine-rich cell wall protein GRP 1.8 is specifically synthesized in the vascular tissue. To identify cis-acting sequences required for cell type-specific synthesis of GRP 1.8, expression patterns of fusion gene constructs were analyzed in transgenic tobacco. In these constructs, the uidA (8-glucuronidase) gene was placed under control of 5' upstream deletions as well as in...

We have constructed a series of vectors based on simian foamy virus type 1 (SFV-1) to define the minimum cis-acting elements required for gene transfer. To characterize these vectors, we inserted the coding sequence of the bacterial lacZ gene linked to the cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene promoter. Introduction of a deletion mutation in the leader region between the 5' long terminal repeat ...

Pathogen-inducible plant promoters contain multiple cis-acting elements, only some of which may contribute to pathogen inducibility. Therefore, we made defined synthetic promoters containing tetramers of only a single type of element and present evidence that a range of cis-acting elements (boxes W1, W2, GCC, JERE, S, Gst1, and D) can mediate local gene expression in planta after pathogen attac...

In vivo, negative autoregulation of the strong major immediate early promoter (MIEP) of human cytomegalovirus requires the viral immediate early 2 protein (IE2) and a cis element located from position -13 through position -1 relative to the transcription start site. We have established an in vitro transcription system that reproduces the specificity of IE2-mediated negative autoregulation. The ...

Primary piRNAs in Drosophila ovarian somatic cells arise from piRNA cluster transcripts and the 3' UTRs of a subset of mRNAs, including Traffic jam (Tj) mRNA. However, it is unclear how these RNAs are determined as primary piRNA sources. Here, we identify a cis-acting 100-nt fragment in the Tj 3' UTR that is sufficient for producing artificial piRNAs from unintegrated DNA. These artificial piRN...

A database search revealed extensive sequence similarity between Streptomyces lividans plasmid pIJ101 and Streptomyces plasmid pSB24. 2, which is a deletion derivative of Streptomyces cyanogenus plasmid pSB24.1. The high degree of relatedness between the two plasmids allowed the construction of a genetic map of pSB24.2, consisting of putative transfer and replication loci. Two pSB24.2 loci, nam...

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ash1p is a specific repressor of transcription that localizes exclusively to daughter cell nuclei through the asymmetric localization of ASH1 mRNA. This localization requires four cis-acting localization elements located in the ASH1 mRNA, five trans-acting factors, one of which is a myosin, and the actin cytoskeleton. The RNA-binding proteins that interact with thes...