The respiration of three phenotypes of Histoplasma capsulatum, the causal agent of histoplasmosis in humans, was markedly reduced by low concentrations of montmorillonite but was reduced less by even higher concentrations of kaolinite or attapulgite (palygorskite). The reduction in respiration followed a pattern that suggested saturation-type kinetics: an initial sharp reduction that occurred w...

Compacted clay liners (CCLs) are the main materials used in waste disposal landfills due to their low permeability. In this study, the effect on the shear resistant of clays with inorganic salt solutions as permeate fluid was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, NaCl inorganic salt solution at concentrations of 2, 5, 10% and deionized water were used. Laboratory direct shear and Vane ...

This study determines the influence of the different soil components and of the cation-exchange capacity on the adsorption and retention of different heavy metals: cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc. In order to do so, regression models were created through decision trees and the importance of soil components was assessed. Used variables were: humified organic matter, specific cat...

Polylactide (PLA) and poly[(butylene succinate)-co-adipate] (PBSA) were reacted by being blended in a batch mixer in the presence of a chain extender, triphenyl phosphite (TPP), and two different types of organically modified clays—a montmorillonite clay (C20A) and a synthetic mica (MEE)—to enhance the thermal stability, impact toughness, and barrier properties of the PLA. An accelerated increa...

Ž In this work, a pharmaceutical preformulation study of four Spanish clays two sepiolites, one . palygorskite and one bentonite is presented, comparing the results obtained with those of three mineral products currently used in pharmaceutical technology. The results showed that the mineralogical and chemical purity of these clays is similar and even higher than that of the three commercial pro...

We formally name the Sewell Point and Atlantic City Formations, two distinct Oligocene lithologic units identified in subsurface strata in New Jersey. These formations are stratotypified at the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 150X Atlantic City and Cape May boreholes. The lower to upper Oligocene Sewell Point Formation consists of glauconitic clays and silts and clayey glauconite sand. It can be dif...

The initial transgressive phase at the Leg 144 Guyots is characterized by a typical association of sedimentary facies (from bottom to top): in situ weathered volcanic rocks; variegated clays, partly pyritic; gray clay, pyritic, homogeneous, or mottled; black clay, peaty, laminated, or bioturbated; and marine argillaceous limestone. Site 877 at Wodejebato Guyot represents the typical development...

interactions between cd, pillared clays and chalcogenedies have been studied using nanomineralogical experiments. xrd, dsc and chemical analysis. the synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy (xas) was applied to characterize the reaction phases. the mean bond lengths between, cd-s, fe-s, sb-s, cd-cd (in chalcogenedies), al-cd, cd-ti, and fe-cd, (in pillared clays) were determined by xas ...

Measuring and modeling the surface charge of clays, and more especially smectites, has become an important issue in the use of bentonites as a waste confinement material aimed at retarding migration of water and solutes. Therefore, many studies of the acid-base properties of montmorillonite have appeared recently in the literature, following older studies principally devoted to cation exchange....

Varved clays, which consist of alternating layers of silt and clay, are common in glaciated regions of North America and Northern Europe. This layering results in several unique engineering properties making varved clays a challenging soil for engineering design. Varved clays have hydraulic conductivity and undrained shear strength anisotropy that far exceeds that of most other soils. The stren...