Clustering schemes offer a practical way of providing scalability when dealing with large and dense Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). The feasibility of a clustering method can be primarily determined by the complexity of the cluster head selection. Optimizing the cluster head selection allows for the network to be more efficient by minimizing the signaling overhead while ensuring that the netwo...

Due to the limited energy resources, energy efficient operation of sensor node is a key issue in wireless sensor networks. Clustering is an effective method to prolong the lifetime of energy constrained wireless sensor network. However, clustering in wireless sensor network faces several challenges such as selection of an optimal group of sensor nodes as cluster, optimum selection of cluster he...

Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is studied. A cluster head optimization strategy for wireless sensor network (WSN) is proposed by using univariate marginal distribution algorithm (UMDA). The novel routing protocol is named UMDA_LEACH. It considers the overall situation in the effect of all cluster head nodes with the help of probabilistic model. By so doing, it improve...

In recent years there has been a growing interest in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Recent advancements in the field of sensing, computing and communications have attracted research efforts and huge investments from various quarters in the field of WSN. Also sensing networks will reveal previously unobserved phenomena. Network’s lifetime depends on energy efficiency and load balancing of wirel...

This paper presents an Energy-efficient distributed algorithm of the Clustering technique Based on Location-independent node for mobile wireless sensor networks. A network deployment strategy is adopted, which mobile nodes are random deployment and fixed nodes are grid deployment. Mobile nodes choose the closest fixed nodes to form a cluster, and choose the node which is closest to fixed node a...

One of the major challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is to meet the energy constraint of its sensor nodes while ensuring reliability of the system. Clustering is an effective self-organization approach to offer energy-efficient communication for WSNs. However, energy of a sensor node dynamically decreases when it plays a role of a cluster head. As a result some nodes die faster that sh...

Many cluster based routing protocols have been proposed in the field of wireless sensor networks, in which a group of nodes are formed as clusters. A cluster head is selected from one among those nodes based on residual energy, coverage area, number of hops and that cluster-head will perform data gathering from various sensor nodes and forwards aggregated data to the base station or to a relay ...

Recent trends in field of wireless networks is setting up Wireless Sensor Networks that, senses specified parameter(s) related to environment; processes sensed data and wirelessly communicates it to a base station. Such networks open up a whole new range of applications, including precision agriculture, monitoring and tracking vehicles, animals and humans, battle-field surveillance, civil struc...

Recent trends in field of wireless networks is setting up Wireless Sensor Networks that, senses specified parameter(s) related to environment; processes sensed data and wirelessly communicates it to a base station. Such networks open up a whole new range of applications, including precision agriculture, monitoring and tracking vehicles, animals and humans, battle-field surveillance, civil struc...