Interactive effects of root restriction and atmospheric CO(2) enrichment on plant growth, photosynthetic capacity, and carbohydrate partitioning were studied in cotton seedlings (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown for 28 days in three atmospheric CO(2) partial pressures (270, 350, and 650 microbars) and two pot sizes (0.38 and 1.75 liters). Some plants were transplanted from small pots into large pot...

This paper presents a concise overview of ash deposition in combustion or co-firing of biomass (woody biomass, agricultural residues, peat, etc.) with other fuels for power/heat generation. In this article, the following five research aspects on biomass combustion ash deposition are reviewed and discussed: influence of biomass fuel characteristics, deposit-related challenges, ash deposition mon...

Co-firing residual lignocellulosic biomass with fossil fuels is often used to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in processes like cement production where fuel costs are critical and can be obtained at a low cost. Since plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere, emissions combustion assumed have zero global warming potential ( GWP bCO 2 $$ {\mathrm{GWP}}_{{\mathrm{bCO}}_2} = 0) do no...

*Correspondence: Houzhang Tan, MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China e-mail: [email protected] Given the increasing demand for energy consumption, biomass has been more and more important as a new type of clean renewable energy source. Biomass direct firing is the most mature and promi...

(Received: January 8, 2012; Accepted: Februray 8, 2012) Abstract: The power industry is confronting challenges with seemingly conflicting goals. They provide the economy of scale needed to minimize the cost of production. Consumers, including industry, rely on affordable, dependable electrical energy. It’s an important part of our economy and our daily lifestyle. However, reducing emission leve...

Despite the technology for wood biomass combustion being much more advantageous when compared to traditional burners, such as Stoker or fluidized burner, there has been scant research on topic of cyclone burners. The purpose this paper is review burner technology, which includes theory, design, and combustion, in terms chemistry properties biomass, emission related NOx CO, application co-firing...