Export taxes can provide additional welfare to large exporters, an argument for interventions in many primary commodity exporting countries. We investigate the benefits of export taxation for Côte d'Ivoire, the dominant exporter of cocoa. Where many applications treat the formula for optimal export taxes incorrectly as a prescription, we take the endogeneity of the exporter’s share into account...

Abstract Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) has been of great threat to the Ghanaian cocoa industry since 1936. Eradication by cutting out and replanting affected farms main method controlling disease in Ghana. Also, considerable research efforts have yielded several recommendations that farmers are expected implement limit spread disease. However, keeps spreading new areas at an increas...

This study aims to analyze 1) Effect of Rt Consumption on the income cocoa farmers, 2) Climate Change farmers 'income, 3) Price Monopoly farmers' income, 4) Land Area incomT 5) Capital Cocoa 6) The influence household consumption, climate change, price monopoly, land area, and capital together farmers. When this research was conducted in December 2019. type is descriptive associative. populatio...

Nowadays, it is common practice to distinguish between economic, social and environmental sustainability; all three have to be satisfied to achieve full sustainability. However, in a presentation to the Malaysian International Cocoa Conference in July1, Jan Vingerhoets, Executive Director of the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) made it clear that he believes economic sustainability to be...

Constituency service is an important duty for politicians. Numerous scholars argue that this duty is critical for reelection (Fiorina 1977, Fenno 1978). In the African context, constituency service is also important for both electoral and social reasons, but research on this topic primarily focuses on national legislators. Based on my fieldwork observations, I argue that citizens in sub–Saharan...

Indonesia has the potential to become a major exporter of cocoa in world as well meet needs domestic industry. However, lack availability raw materials (cocoa beans) causes processing industry import beans from other countries. even been included five largest importing countries world. This raises questions about sustainability production Indonesia. research two objectives. First, predicting Se...