Fuzzy C-Means Clustering algorithm (FCM) is a method that is frequently used in pattern recognition. It has the advantage of giving good modeling results in many cases, This paper presents the optimization of cluster center of Fuzzy C-Means algorithm by evolutionary methods, this in order to automatically select the best of cluster center with maximum probability. Optimization methods used to r...

Fuzzy partitional clustering algorithms are widely used in pattern recognition field. Until now, more and more research results on them have been developed in the literature. In order to study these algorithms systematically and deeply, they are reviewed in this paper based on c-means algorithm, from metrics, entropy, and constraints on membership function or cluster centers. Moreover, the adva...

Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering is a popular technique used in image segmentation and pattern recognition. However one of the main problems with FCM clustering is the lack of spatial context. That is FCM often fails with irregularly shaped clusters. This can lead to the creation of isolated regions; isolated regions are those regions that are not connected with the main body of the clusters. We ...

In this paper, we will study the following pattern recognition problem: Every pattern is a 3-dimensional graph, its surface can be split up into some regions, every region is composed of the pixels with the approximately same colour value and the approximately same depth value that is distance to eyes, and there may also be some contours, e.g., literal contours, on a surface of every pattern. F...

The present paper seeks to investigate the cognitive abilities of expert EFL teachers. To this aim, the existing literature was examined and ten cognitive themes were derived which were further investigated through interviews conducted with ten academics, teacher trainers and exemplary teachers of the field in the Iranian context. The ten extracted themes were attested by interviewees’ comments...

One of the main concerns of reasoning about space is the recognition of objects. This recognition can be seen as mere pattern recognition through some form of template matching. However, the necessarily recognition for interactive cognitive systems requires some form of understanding of the object and give its existence in the environment a meaning represented by its relations to other existenc...

most contemporary clinical reasoning tests typically assess non-automatic thinking. therefore, a test is needed to measure automatic reasoning or pattern recognition, which has been largely neglected in clinical reasoning tests. the puzzle test (pt) is dedicated to assess automatic clinical reasoning in routine situations. this test has been introduced first in 2009 by monajemi et al in the oly...

in this research, an iterative approach is employed to recognize and classify control chart patterns. to do this, by taking new observations on the quality characteristic under consideration, the maximum likelihood estimator of pattern parameters is first obtained and then the probability of each pattern is determined. then using bayes’ rule, probabilities are updated recursively. finally, when...