in many area of medical research, a relation analysis between one response variable and some explanatory variables is desirable. regression is the most common tool in this situation. if we have some assumptions for such normality for response variable, we could use it. in this paper we propose a nonparametric regression that does not have normality assumption for response variable and we focus ...

background pancreatic cancer (pc) is classified as one of the most deadly cancers. since the role of diet in modifying the effects of known risk factors of pc has been well established, exploring the dietary intakes in relation to the etiology of pc can be useful for elucidating the mechanisms of the disease progression. methods and materials this study was conducted within the golestan prospec...

conclusions the prevalence of predominant breastfeeding during the first month postpartum is high in shahroud. interventions to strengthen adherence to who guidelines for breastfeeding should be considered. breastfeeding education providers at the hospitals should emphasize the effects of formula on breastfeeding continuation at early postpartum. background the introduction of fluids to infants...

anxiety may negatively affect the course of coronary artery disease (cad). the aim of this study was to assess which factors are associated with anxiety in young adults with cad. a cohort of individuals with premature coronary artery disease was formed between 2004-2011, as the tehran heart center's premature coronary atherosclerosis cohort (thc-pac) study. patients (men≤45-year-old, and women≤...

conclusions due to the scarcity of studies related to some dairy subgroups, it is not possible to make a final judgment about their effects on the risk of diabetes; therefore, more studies need to be conducted on this issue. results out of 1391 articles, 13 (covering 421,421 people) were introduced to the current meta-analysis. the findings showed that the consumption of yoghurt and cream has p...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of menarche before 11 years of age on the incidence of wheezing/asthma in girls 11 to 18 years of age. METHODS The study sample comprised 1,350 girls from a birth cohort that started in 1993 in the urban area of the city of Pelotas, southern Brazil; this cohort was followed until 18 years of age. We assessed wheezing by the question, "Have you ever had wheezin...

BACKGROUND Evidence on the role of cannabis as a gateway drug is inconsistent. We characterise patterns of cannabis use among UK teenagers aged 13-18 years, and assess their influence on problematic substance use at age 21 years. METHODS We used longitudinal latent class analysis to derive trajectories of cannabis use from self-report measures in a UK birth cohort. We investigated (1) factors...

BACKGROUND Excess moisture and visible mold are associated with increased risk of asthma. Only a few studies have performed detailed home visits to characterize the extent and location of moisture damage and mold growth. METHODS Structured home inspections were performed in a birth cohort study when the children were 5 months old (on average). Children (N = 398) were followed up to the age of...

In the present study, we evaluated whether childhood differences in body height between singletons and twins persist into adulthood. Data from the Medical Birth Register of Norway were linked with data from the Norwegian National Conscript Service. This study used data on the 457,999 males who were born alive and without physical anomalies in single or twin births in Norway during 1967-1984 and...

BACKGROUND Adolescent mental health problems are associated with a range of adverse outcomes in adulthood but little is known about the effects on adult parenting practices. This study aimed to examine prospective associations between adolescent conduct and emotional problems and subsequent parenting behaviours in adulthood. METHODS The study sample comprised 1110 members from the MRC Nationa...