Five out of the seven recognized species of sea turtles (Testudines) occur on the Brazilian coast. The Barcode Initiative is an effort to undertake a molecular inventory of Earth biodiversity. Cytochrome Oxidase c subunit I (COI) molecular tags for sea turtle species have not yet been described. In this study, COI sequences for the five species of sea turtles that occur in Brazil were generated...

BACKGROUND Towards lower latitudes the number of recognized species is not only higher, but also phylogeographic subdivision within species is more pronounced. Moreover, new genetically isolated populations are often described in recent phylogenies of Neotropical birds suggesting that the number of species in the region is underestimated. Previous COI barcoding of Argentinean bird species showe...

To fully understand the ecology and evolution of plant–herbivore interactions, information regarding the life history of both immature and adult insect stages is essential. However, most knowledge of plant–herbivore associations is derived from observations of adults. One reason for this bias is that species identification of immature stages is usually challenging. DNA barcodes can be used to i...

Specimens of neotropical Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) were collected and identified morphologically. We amplified three genes for phylogenetic analysis-the single copy nuclear white and CAD genes, and the COI barcode region. Since we had multiple specimens for most species we were able to test how well the single or combined genes were able to corroborate morphologically defined species by placing...

A 658-bp fragment of mitochondrial DNA from the 5' region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene has been adopted as the standard DNA barcode region for animal life. In this study, we test its effectiveness in the discrimination of over 300 species of aphids from more than 130 genera. Most (96%) species were well differentiated, and sequence variation within species was low, ave...

Oomycete species occupy many different environments and many ecological niches. The genera Phytophthora and Pythium for example, contain many plant pathogens which cause enormous damage to a wide range of plant species. Proper identification to the species level is a critical first step in any investigation of oomycetes, whether it is research driven or compelled by the need for rapid and accur...

Guizhou is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of Yangtze River and Pearl basins with abundant fish species. However, from these regions are threatened by anthropogenic activities, including overfishing habitat destruction. Here, we assessed diversity more than half species region using DNA barcoding (partial sequence cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene). We obtained 800 ...

BACKGROUND DNA barcodes, typically focusing on the cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) in many animals, have been used widely as a species-identification tool. The ability of DNA barcoding to distinguish species from a range of taxa and to reveal cryptic species has been well documented. Despite the wealth of DNA barcode data for fish from many temperate regions, there are relatively few available ...

There are almost 1,700 species of mammals occurring in the Neotropical region broadly defined as including Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and South America. The Barcode of Life Data (BOLD) Systems established an institutional collaboration with the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) beginning in 2005 to DNA barcode the mammal tissue collections for the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI...