This paper explores the dynamic behavior of a Romer-style endogenous growth model, analyzing how changes in tax rates affect government revenue in the short run and the long run. I show that in this environment lowering taxes on financial income is unlikely to stimulate tax revenue in the long run and has modest effects on the tax base, contrary to some other studies of the dynamic response of ...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this 14-day parallel, double blind clinical trial was to evaluate the tooth whitening efficacy of a 9% hydrogen peroxide gel (Colgate Visible White) relative to a 20% carbamide peroxide gel (Opalescence) positive control. METHODS Forty-six consenting adults were randomly assigned to use one of the two products. All participants had 6 unrestored maxillary anterior teet...

One of the major innovations in dental home care therapy was the introduction of fluorides in the 1950s for the management of dental caries. Since that time, fluoride has not only been incorporated into dentifrices, but also into a variety of delivery systems. It was not until the 1990s that the next significant advance in patient home care occurred with the introduction by the Colgate-Palmoliv...

PURPOSE To assess the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effects of a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2% copolymer and 0.243% (1,100 ppm) sodium fluoride in subjects with moderate plaque-induced gingivitis. METHODS This was a single center, monadic study. Subjects had at least 20 teeth remaining in the functional dentition, excluding third molars. Following a baseline examination for plaqu...

BACKGROUND This in situ study evaluated the roughness and microhardness of enamel bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (PC10) and brushed with different toothpastes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two groups of volunteers received PC10 and placebo agents for 21 days in two phases in a crossover 2 × 3 study. Fragments of human enamel were distributed among intraoral removable appliances (IRA). Nine fra...

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the whitening potential of commercially available toothpastes. Sixty patients were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15), according to the dentifrice used: GI (control) - Colgate Total 12, GII - Close-up White Now, GIII: Oral-B 3D White, GIV: Colgate Luminous White. Three daily brushings were performed for 2 to 3 min each, during a period of...

Aim: To evaluate the influence of parameters L* a* b* on variation color bovine tooth enamel submitted to artificial darkening, after simulated brushing, with whitening toothpastes containing blue covarine. Methods: undertake this study in vitro, 60 specimens (SP) were divided into 6 groups (n=10): control group (CGwater) and 5 test (GT1-Colgate Total 12, GT2-Oral-B 3D White Perfection, GT3- Co...

The purpose of this three-month, double-blind, parallel-design clinical study was to compare the efficacy of two commercially available dentifrices, Herbal Toothpaste and Gum Therapy and Colgate Total, in controlling gingivitis, gingival bleeding, plaque and stain. Forty healthy adult volunteers from the Junior Comprehensive Care Clinics at New York University College of Dentistry were accepted...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this eight-week, single-center, three-cell, double-blind, and randomized clinical study was to evaluate the dentin hypersensitivity reduction efficacy of three commercially available toothpastes: 1) Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief Toothpaste (also marketed as elmex Sensitive Professional); 2) Sensodyne Rapid Relief Toothpaste; and (3) Crest Cavity Protection Toothpaste. ...