Let $R$ be a ring (not necessarily commutative) with nonzero identity. We define $Gamma(R)$ to be the graph with vertex set $R$ in which two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if there exist unit elements $u,v$ of $R$ such that $x+uyv$ is a unit of $R$. In this paper, basic properties of $Gamma(R)$ are studied. We investigate connectivity and the girth of $Gamma(R)$, where $...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $mathbb{a}(r)$ be the set   of ideals of $r$ with non-zero annihilators. in this paper, we first introduce and investigate the principal ideal subgraph of the annihilating-ideal graph of $r$, denoted by $mathbb{ag}_p(r)$. it is a (undirected) graph with vertices $mathbb{a}_p(r)=mathbb{a}(r)cap mathbb{p}(r)setminus {(0)}$, where   $mathbb{p}(r)$ is...

Let $R$ be a non-commutative ring with unity. The commuting graph of $R$ denoted by $Gamma(R)$, is a graph with vertex set $RZ(R)$ and two vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent iff $ab=ba$. In this paper, we consider the commuting graph of non-commutative rings of order pq and $p^2q$ with Z(R) = 0 and non-commutative rings with unity of order $p^3q$. It is proved that $C_R(a)$ is a commutative ring...

The rings considered in this article are commutative with identity which are not fields. Let R be a ring. A. Alilou, J. Amjadi and Sheikholeslami introduced and investigated a graph whose vertex set is the set of all nontrivial ideals of R and distinct vertices I, J are joined by an edge in this graph if and only if either ann(I)J = (0) or ann(J)I = (0). They called this graph as a new graph as...

the annihilating-ideal graph of a commutative ring $r$ is denoted by $ag(r)$, whose vertices are all nonzero ideals of $r$ with nonzero annihilators and two distinct vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent if and only if $ij=0$. in this article, we completely characterize rings $r$ when $gr(ag(r))neq 3$.

let $r$ be a ring with unity. the undirected nilpotent graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma_n(r)$, is a graph with vertex set ~$z_n(r)^* = {0neq x in r | xy in n(r) for some y in r^*}$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy in n(r)$, or equivalently, $yx in n(r)$, where $n(r)$ denoted the nilpotent elements of $r$. recently, it has been proved that if $r$ is a left ar...

The rings considered in this article are commutative with identity. For an ideal $I$ of a ring $R$, we denote the annihilator $R$ by $Ann(I)$. An is said to be exact annihilating if there exists non-zero $J$ such that $Ann(I) = J$ and $Ann(J) I$. set all ideals $\mathbb{EA}(R)$ $\mathbb{EA}(R)\backslash \{(0)\}$ $\mathbb{EA}(R)^{*}$. Let $\mathbb{EA}(R)^{*}\neq \emptyset$. With [Exact Annihilat...

Acknowledgments I would like to begin by thanking my advisor, Professor Alexander Diesl, for his encouragement and excitement for my research. He has always remained supportive and interested in my work, and his many questions have kept me motivated and excited about my project. I would like to thank him as well for being understanding about my silly questions, helping me piece apart my convolu...

Let $R$ be a ring with unity. The undirected nilpotent graph of $R$, denoted by $Gamma_N(R)$, is a graph with vertex set ~$Z_N(R)^* = {0neq x in R | xy in N(R) for some y in R^*}$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy in N(R)$, or equivalently, $yx in N(R)$, where $N(R)$ denoted the nilpotent elements of $R$. Recently, it has been proved that if $R$ is a left A...