Experimental evidence for a correlation between paperboard edgewise compressive strength and the product of the in-plane normal stiffness and out-of-plane shear stiffness is presented. A mathematical theory, which describes compressive failure as interlaminae shear failure due to prebuckling bending of an initially curved "critical" lamina, is developed. The theory is in accord with failure ana...

There have been numerous researchers that have investigated the properties of human intervertebral discs. However, there has been no attempt to characterize the effects of loading rate on the stiffness of human intervertebral discs. The purpose of this study was to develop the compressive stiffness properties of individual lumber intervertebral discs when subjected to various dynamic compressiv...

  In this article, vibration analysis of an Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on a Pasternak-type foundation is studied. The governing equation is solved by using a spectral finite element model (SFEM). The solution involves calculating wave and time responses of the beam. The Fast Fourier Transform function is used for temporal discretization of the governing partial differential equation into a se...

Precast prestreesed concrete braces are a new method for seismic strength of Concrete Structures which has the following benefits: a) no wet concrete work in construction site b) No bolt or anchorage to the existing frame c) easy to apply d) short construction period e) low construction cost, to evaluate seismic performance of strengthened structure a model consist of existing frame and concret...

Articular cartilage cannot repair itself in response to degradation from injury or osteoarthritis. As such, there is a substantial clinical need for replacements of damaged cartilage. Tissue engineering aims to fulfill this need by developing replacement tissues in vitro. A major goal of cartilage tissue engineering is to produce tissues with robust biochemical and biomechanical properties. One...

We investigated the effects of the initial stiffness of a three-dimensional elastomer scaffold--highly porous poly(glycerol sebacate)--on functional assembly of cardiomyocytes cultured with perfusion for 8 days. The polymer elasticity varied with the extent of polymer cross-links, resulting in three different stiffness groups, with compressive modulus of 2.35 ± 0.03 (low), 5.28 ± 0.36 (medium),...

We have performed ab initio pseudopotential calculations for the diamond (111) surface with nitrogen or boron replacing the surface carbon atoms. Surface boron atoms form planar sp2 bonds with carbon atoms and the compressive stress from the underlying bulk diamond lattice squeezes the B-C bonds significantly. Bulk and shear moduli in the surface region increase substantially, surpassing those ...

In this article, we study the potential of gold nanowires as resonant nanoscale strain sensors. The sensing ability of the nanowires is determined by calculating the variations in resonant frequency that occur due to applied uniaxial tensile and compressive strain. The resonant frequencies are obtained using the surface Cauchy–Born model, which captures surface stress effects on the nanowires t...

BACKGROUND Vascular aging is closely associated with increased vascular stiffness. It has recently been demonstrated that decreased nitric oxide (NO)-induced S-nitrosylation of tissue transglutaminase (TG2) contributes to age-related vascular stiffness. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that exercise restores NO signaling and attenuates vascular stiffness by decreasing TG2 activity...

A new macroscopic approach to modelise membrane wrinkling is presented. Most of the studies of the literature about membrane behaviour are macroscopic and phenomenological, the influence of wrinkles being accounted by non-linear constitutive laws without compressive stiffness. The present method is multi-scale and it permits to predict the wavelength and the spatial distribution of wrinkling am...