References 12.full.html#ref-list-1 http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/371/1997/201106 This article cites 37 articles, 2 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (17 articles) medical physics • (2 articles) graph theory • collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Email alerting service here in the box at the top right-hand corner of the article o...

The Multi-Armed Bandit problem constitutes an archetypal setting for sequential decision-making, permeating multiple domains including engineering, business, and medicine. One of the hallmarks of a bandit setting is the agent’s capacity to explore its environment through active intervention, which contrasts with the ability to collect passive data by estimating associational relationships betwe...

Milner et al 1 make a commendable analysis of the effect of occupation on suicide risk, drawing on an imperfect field of research. Their work does not, however, allow for the effects of the differential demographic profiles (particularly gender) of those employed in each occupational category. This is particularly important when, in the UK in 2011, there was an 18.2 per 100 000 suicide rate amo...

The paper addresses a formal de®nition of a confounder based on the qualitative de®nition that is commonly used in standard epidemiology text-books. To derive the criterion for a factor to be a confounder given by Miettinen and Cook and to clarify inconsistency between various criteria for a confounder, we introduce the concepts of an irrelevant factor, an occasional confounder and a uniformly ...

Domain generalization (DG) aims to learn from multiple source domains a model that can generalize well on unseen target domains. Existing DG methods mainly the representations with invariant marginal distribution of input features, however, invariance conditional labels given features is more essential for unknown domain prediction. Meanwhile, existing unobserved confounders which affect and si...

Prehospital Intubation: Further Confounders in Trial Results Iqbal Sayeed, Fahim Atif, Claudia Espinosa-Garcia, Bushra Wali, Nefize Turan, Seema Yousuf & Donald G. Stein To cite this article: Iqbal Sayeed, Fahim Atif, Claudia Espinosa-Garcia, Bushra Wali, Nefize Turan, Seema Yousuf & Donald G. Stein (2018): Prehospital Intubation: Further Confounders in Trial Results, Prehospital Emergency Care...