We report on the experimental observation of the far field patterns formation obtained when a divergent or convergent beam interacts with a thin self-defocusing material. The measurements were performed using a CW laser beam propagated through a cell containing a colloidal system that presents a large nonlinear refractive index. The observed patterns reveal the different behavior on the far fie...

The diffraction characteristics of a volume grating (VG) illuminated by a three-dimensional (3-D) converging-diverging Gaussian beam at conical incidence are investigated by applying 3-D finite-beam (FB) rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) based on the conventional 3-D RCWA in conjunction with two-dimensional plane-wave decomposition. The Gaussian beam is assumed to have an arbitrary incidenc...

Conical-scam implementations for three antenna types are discussed in terms of the beam nuiatioa method, reference signal generation and angle error demodulation Various applications for these antennas including their use in teaching are discussed. Inder Terms-..eoaical-sean, millimetre wave, antenna I. IN'RODUCiTON Tracking radars require a mechanism to determine the offset of a target from th...

We present a new technology for super-resolution fluorescence imaging, based on conical diffraction. Conical diffraction is a linear, singular phenomenon, taking place when a laser beam is diffracted through a biaxial crystal. We use conical diffraction in a thin biaxial crystal to generate illumination patterns that are more compact than the classical Gaussian beam, and use them to generate a ...

A self-scanning, highly-efficient electron beam source is being built for electron beam dry scrubbing (EBDS) of flue gases. The beam is to be prepared using cyclotron autoresonance acceleration (CARA), which has already experimentally demonstrated an rf efficiency above 90%. The design is based on simulation studies for a 250-kV, 25-A warm injected beam which is accelerated in a 112cm long CARA...

Introduction: The paper addresses the compliance of actual strength and deformation properties standard precast block (hereinafter — UPB 185.25) with design data. Purpose study: We aimed to check convergence experimental data for a reinforced concrete beam variable outline bottom chord assumptions. Methods: In course study, moments inertia at each section unit were taken averaged, in steps. Eac...