The conidiation of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycete) is a complex process that involves the stage- and cell-type-specific expression of hundreds of genes. The suppression subtractive hybridization method was used to target genes involved in conidiation. Seventeen genes were cloned that potentially were involved in conidia formation. Six of them demonstrated differenti...

pyricularia oryzae (tel. magnaporthegrisea) is currently used as a fungal model for plantmicrobeinteraction studies as well as an indicative model for anticancer drug discovery. thepresent study introduces the optimal condition in which p. oryzae grows and sporulates beston common culture media. we have considered three fungal culture media, i.e. pda, pca andwa, based on which p. oryzae sporula...

The fungal colony is a complex multicellular unit consisting of various cell types and functions. Asexual spore formation (conidiation) is integrated through sensory and regulatory elements into the general morphogenetic plan, in which the activation of the transcription factor BrlA is the first determining step. A number of early regulatory elements acting upstream of BrlA (fluG and flbA-E) ha...

As part of a genetic analysis of blue light photoreception in Neurospora, three mutants were isolated that do not exhibit photosuppression of circadian conidiation, i.e., they show periodic conidiation in constant light. The mutations have been given the designations lis-1, lis-2 and lis-3 ("light insensitive"). The three mutations segregate as single nuclear genes, are nonallelic and are reces...

In Neurospora crassa, a circadian rhythm of conidiation (asexual spore formation) can be seen on the surface of agar media. This rhythm has a period of 22 hr in constant darkness (D/D). Under constant illumination (L/L), no rhythm is visible and cultures show constant conidiation. However, here we report that strains with a mutation in the vivid (vvd) gene, previously shown to code for the phot...

Fusarium graminearum, a prominent fungal pathogen that infects major cereal crops, primarily utilizes asexual spores to spread disease. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying conidiogenesis in F. graminearum, we functionally characterized the F. graminearum ortholog of Aspergillus nidulans wetA, which has been shown to be involved in conidiogenesis and conidium maturation. Deletion o...

Ten cysteine auxotrophs of Neurospora crassa were examined with regard to the period lengths of their circadian conidiation rhythms. One of the these cysteine auxotrophs, cys-9, showed dramatic changes in the circadian conidiation rhythm. At 10 microM methionine, the cys-9 mutant had a period length that was 5 hr shorter than that of the wild-type strain during the first 3 days after transfer t...

The development of asexual spores, that is, the process of conidiation, in the fungus Neurospora crassa is increased by light. The fluffy (fl) gene, encoding a major regulator of conidiation, is activated by light. We describe here a detailed characterization of the regulation by blue light of fl in vegetative hyphae. This induction requires the white collar complex (WCC) while the FLD protein ...

Two morphologically different Aspergillus parasiticus strains, one producing aflatoxins, abundant conidia but few sclerotia (BN9) and the other producing O-methyl-sterimatocystin (OMST), copious sclerotia but a low number of conidia (RH), were used to assess the role of crzA which encodes a putative calcium-signaling pathway regulatory protein. Under standard culture conditions, BN9DeltacrzA mu...

The response to mechanical damage is crucial for the survival of multicellular organisms, enabling their adaptation to hostile environments. Trichoderma atroviride, a filamentous fungus of great importance in the biological control of plant diseases, responds to mechanical damage by activating regenerative processes and asexual reproduction (conidiation). During this response, reactive oxygen s...