Non-locality and contextuality are among the most counterintuitive aspects of quantum theory. They are difficult to study using classical logic and probability theory. In this paper we start with an effect algebraic approach to the study of non-locality and contextuality. We will see how different slices over the category of set valued functors on the natural numbers induce different settings i...

Various frameworks that generalise the notion of contextuality in theories of physics have been proposed; one is the sheaf-theoretic approach by Abramsky and Brandenburger; an other is the equivalence-based approach by Spekkens. We show that these frameworks are equivalent for scenarios with preparations and measurements, whenever factorizability is justified. This connection gives rise to a ca...

The paper outlines a new development in the Contextualityby-Default theory as applied to finite systems of binary random variables. The logic and principles of the original theory remain unchanged, but the definition of contextuality of a system of random variables is now based on multimaximal rather than maximal couplings of the variables that measure the same property in different contexts: a...

The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka “no-signaling” or “no-disturbance” principles). This makes the theory especially applicable to behavioral systems, where violations of selective influences are ubiquitous. For cyclic systems with binary random variables, CbD provides necessary ...

The aim of this chapter is to investigate the line from the 19th century, through Frege’s works, to the appearance of the principle of compositionality in modern sciences. It is shown that contextuality and compositionality were discussed at the beginnings of the 19th century, but that contextuality was favoured. Also for Frege contextuality was the basic principle and he always obeyed it. Alth...

Considering an extended type of Bohm’s version of EPR thought experiment, we derive Bell’s inequality for the case of factorizable contextual hidden variable theories which are consistent with the predictions of quantum theory. Regarding factorizability as a necessary but not sufficient condition for non-contextuality, we show that factorizability is consistent with contextuality, even for the ...

In this paper we investigate how organizational semiosis may be advanced by the principles of interactivity and contextuality. These principles have been operationalized in a semiosis construction strategy which has been applied in the coordination of the development of the 3 generation of mobile systems at Ericsson. The results show that interactivity and contextuality are powerful enablers of...

If a quantum system is prepared and later post-selected in certain states, “paradoxical” predictions for intermediate measurements can be obtained. This is the case both when the intermediate measurement is strong, i.e. a projective measurements with Lüders-von Neumann update rule, or with weak measurements where they show up in anomalous weak values. Leifer and Spekkens [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 2...