Weather risk causes uncertain crop yield and price further influences the willingness of farmers to participate in contract farming honour contract. In this study, we investigate optimal decisions for between a profit-maximizing manufacturer multiple identical under weather risk, using game-theoretical approach. We discuss two different cases. first case, sets ensure any condition. While second...

The LACA Working Paper series publishes work in progress by LACA team members. All papers are technical research papers which have been peer reviewed, and are available in open access format. Please consult the project web pages at http://www.future-agricultures.org/laca or be in touch with the author(s) for further information. 3 Executive summary Introduction There is uncertainty and no small...

Contract violations are critical issues determining the success and sustainability of contract farming (CF). This paper challenges common portrayal “powerful” company versus “powerless” landowners/smallholders by using literature on labour agency in global value chains to understand minor farmers such, as side-selling, refusal harvest, burning/felling oil palm trees. conceptualizes these acts o...

The paper has analyzed production-related aspects of broiler farming under contract and independent management, and has examined inputs and services provision arrangements. About two-thirds of the contracts are of long duration of three years, and the remaining are of two years or eleven months duration. Surprisingly, none of the contract farmer possesses a copy of the agreement with him. The a...