Fungal keratitis is a fungal infection of the cornea. It primarily affects the corneal epithelium and stroma, although the endothelium and anterior chamber of the eye may get involved in more severe disease. Fungal keratitis remains a diagnostic and therapeutic problem for ophthalmic clinicians because these fungal infections of the cornea frequently result in corneal melting, visual impairment...

BACKGROUND Corneal cross-linking (CXL) using ultraviolet light-A (UV-A) and riboflavin is a technique developed in the 1990's to treat corneal ectatic disorders such as keratoconus. It soon became the new gold standard in multiple countries around the world to halt the progression of this disorder, with good long-term outcomes in keratometry reading and visual acuity. The original Dresden treat...

Phialemonium keratitis is a very rare case and we encountered a case of keratitis caused by Phialemonium obovatum (P. obovatum) after penetrating injury to the cornea. This is the first case report in the existing literature. A 54-year-old male was referred to us after a penetration injury, and prompt primary closure was performed. Two weeks after surgery, an epithelial defect and stromal melti...

The term ocular surface disorders indicate a close relationship between the conjunctival and corneal epithelium in many corneal and external diseases. The human amniotic membrane has a thick basement membrane and an avascular stromal matrix and its first ophthalmic use was reported by deRoth for conjunctival surface reconstruction. It was subsequently used for different ophthalmic reasons. Amni...

Reasons for intrastromal corneal ring segment explantation In their recent article, Ferrer et al. report that 57 of 250 implanted intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) had to be explantedda rate of 22.8%. The main cause of this very high explantation rate was extrusion (48.3%). There are 2 major causes of ICRS extrusion: (1) superficial implantation of a segment and (2) a segment that is pl...

Purpose: To report a case with corneal ulcer after keratoplasty connected to long-term use of topical 0.1% diclofenac sodium. Methods: A 81-year-old man presented with corneal ulceration. The patient’s clinical history showed that he had keratoplasy after ocular trauma for about 10 years ago. He was using topical dexamethasone sodium phosphate 0.1% and topical diclofenac sodium 0.1% for one yea...

PURPOSE To report a patient who sustained a spark fire burn during a routine pterygium operation. METHODS A 40-year-old woman was referred for pterygium excision in her left eye. During the operation a low temperature cautery caused a spark fire that resulted in left eye corneal burn, upper and lower eyelid burns, and melting of eyelashes and eyebrows bilaterally. RESULTS Topical antibiotic...