BACKGROUND Access to data on the coronary flow in the coronary sinus (CS) can aid in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We tested the hypothesis that assessing the CS flow by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTE) at rest can detect coronary artery stenosis in non-hypertensive patients. METHODS The antegrade phase of coronary flow in the CS was analyzed and compared in 140 ...

A 74-year-old woman who developed atrial tachycardia following the Cox-Maze IV procedure underwent catheter ablation. The reentrant circuit included the coronary sinus (CS), Marshall bundle (MB), distal MB-left atrial (LA) connection, and anterolateral mitral annulus. The distal MB-LA connection was the last barrier in the conduction pathway between the CS and the left atrium.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was twofold: to assess whether biatrial pacing is superior to single-site pacing and capable of reducing the frequency of episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF); and to compare pacing of the proximal coronary sinus (PCS) with the distal coronary sinus (DCS) and the effects of sequential or simultaneous biatrial pacing. BACKGROUND Interatrial cond...

BACKGROUND Although rarely seen in healthy patients, the coronary sinus (CS) is often visualized on echocardiography in patients with right-sided heart disease. However, the prevalence of this finding and its relation to right-sided heart structure and pressure remains undefined. METHODS We examined the transthoracic echocardiograms of 43 consecutive patients referred for the evaluation of pu...

BACKGROUND Partially unroofed coronary sinus (PUCS) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly and prone to be misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in CS imaging for the detection of PUCS and to develop a special two-dimensional TEE-based en face view of CS. METHODS Twenty adult patients with suspected PUCS, showing a dilated cor...

BACKGROUND The terms counterclockwise (CC) and clockwise (C) atrial flutter (Afl) are used to describe right atrial activation around the tricuspid valve in the left anterior oblique view. The manner in which the left atrium is activated, as reflected by coronary sinus (CS) recordings, has not been systematically evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine patients with both CC and C Afl underwent el...

BACKGROUND Invasive cardiac procedures, such as arrhythmia ablation, cardiac resynchronisation therapy, percutaneous mitral annuloplasty and retrograde cardioplegia delivery require cannulation of the coronary sinus (CS). Detailed knowledge of the CS ostium region, including recognition of the presence of the Thebesian valve which sometimes covers the sinus, is a key to successfully carryout su...

in this paper, we describe a case of an aneurysmal circumflex artery connected to the coronary sinus through a fistula in a 40-year-old man with a two-year history of palpitation and chest pain. we discussed surgical management for patients with coronary artery fistula (caf), particularly for asymptomatic patients with a small left-to-right shunt .

INTRODUCTION The aim of our investigation was to examine the intraluminal interaction of the vascular tissue and the implanted coronary sinus lead stabilized with stent on two human hearts removed before transplantation. METHODS AND RESULTS The coronary sinus lumen was sectioned under operational microscope and opened carefully. The leads and stents were found separately positioned beside eac...

a 55-year-old man referred for cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt) due to severe heart failure. a severe stenosis in the coronary sinus vein after the posterior branch disallowed the insertion of the lead. nevertheless, the stenosis was dilated and the left ventricle (lv) lead was implanted in the lateral marginal branch.