BACKGROUND/AIMS Previous studies showed that frailty is prevalent in both pre-dialysis and dialysis patients. However, the prevalence and prognostic implication of frailty in Chinese peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients remain unknown. METHODS We used a validated questionnaire to determine the Frailty Score of 193 unselected prevalent PD patients. All patients were then followed for 2 years for ...

We consider a multivariate lognormal frailty model for correlated exchangeable failure time data, where the marginal lifetimes have conditional Weibull distributions. We discuss Bayesian statistical methods to fit this model to experimental data with varying cluster sizes. The Bayesian inferential approach arises naturally from the hierarchical structure of the frailty model. In contrast, imple...

The frailty model, an extension of the proportional hazards model, is often used to model clustered survival data. However, some extension of the ordinary frailty model is required when there exist competing risks within a cluster. Under competing risks, the underlying processes affecting the events of interest and competing events could be different but correlated. In this paper, the hierarchi...

Correlated time-to-event data are commonly encounted in biomedical research, often as recurrent e v ent data or clustered data. To accommodate the correlation among survival times within the proportional hazards model framework, frailty m o d e l s h a ve beendeveloped. Clustered and recurrent event data may require two frailties, leading to a need for appropriate tests for frailty model select...

In recent years, it has been shown that individual heterogeneity in the acquisition of infectious diseases has a large impact on the estimation of important epidemiological parameters such as the (basic) reproduction number. Therefore, frailty modeling has become increasingly popular in infectious disease epidemiology. However, so far, using frailty models, it was assumed infections confer life...

Heart failure (HF) may contribute to the development of functional decline and frailty in older adults. Sixty HF patients with an ejection fraction ≤ 40% evaluated in 2004 and 2005 were reevaluated in 2008. Six-minute walk distance (6MW), frailty score, and biomarkers (25-hydroxyvitamin D, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) were measured. Participants were categorized at baseline and...

BACKGROUND Frailty and cognitive impairment are considered the most common and yet least understood conditions in older adults. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between frailty and cognitive function in non-demented older Koreans. METHODS Korean Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) scores and Cardiovascular Health Study Frailty Indices were obtained for 486 older adu...

Inflammation in patients defined as frail by Fried's phenotypic definition may be related to sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate inflammation in older patients across different frailty criteria. Frailty status was determined in 110 patients aged over 75 years (mean 83.9 years) according to function (dependent, intermediate, independent); Fried (three or more items of exhaustion, weight ...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), frailty is a clinically relevant measure of increased vulnerability that should be included in the preoperative risk assessment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) derived phase angle (PA) reflects cell membrane integrity and function. Few studies are available on the relative contribution of adiposity distribution on frail...