The aim of this paper is to study the effects of a corrugated wall on the behaviour of propagating rays. Different types of corrugation are considered, using different distributions of the corrugation heights: white Gaussian, power law, self-affine perturbation. In phase space, a prevalent chaotic behaviour of rays, and the presence of a lot of caustics, are observed. These results entail that ...

Effects of periodic curvature on the the electrical resistivity of corrugated semiconductor films are theoretically considered. The presence of a curvature-induced potential affects the motion of electrons confined to the thin curved film, resulting in a significant resistivity enhancement at specific values of two geometric parameters: the amplitude and period of the surface corrugation. The m...

This paper proposes a new hypothesis for the formation process of short pitch rail corrugation. An FE wheel-track dynamic model is utilized to verify by reproducing corrugation initiation and consistent growth. It found longitudinal compression modes are responsible with necessary initial excitation that allows flexibility vibration. Consistency between vertical bending eigenfrequencies system ...

The (001)-oriented surface of epitaxial off-stoichiometric Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys was studied in both austenitic and martensitic phases. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of the austenitic surface reveals a well-ordered and reconstruction-free surface exhibiting predominantly Mn–Ga termination. We found that only one of the two atomic species (Ga or Mn) is visible ...

We report a systematic study for metal-on-metal surface migration in the weak corrugation regime, i.e., with migration barriers falling below approximately 100 meV. The migration characteristics are elucidated by variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy observations in the 50-200 K temperature range, which are analyzed by means of nucleation theory. The results demonstrate that, upon ...

Disparity discrimination thresholds are known to increase with both retinal eccentricity and distance from the horopter. However, little is known about how the detectability of cyclopean gratings varies with retinal position. Thresholds for disparity corrugations were measured as a function of corrugation frequency for different visual eccentricities. Subjects viewed annular displays of random ...

Rail corrugation is a phenomenon that leads to a waving in the rails with wavelengths typically between 3 cm and 100 cm and amplitude levels of several microns. The genesis of this waving is complex. Rail corrugation is a recognized problem that leads to excess vibration on the rails and vehicles to a point of reducing their life span and compromising safety. In urban areas excess vibration noi...

In the present investigations heat transfer studies are made in three different types of corrugated plate heat exchangers having a length of 30 cm and width of 10 cm. The corrugated channel has a spacing of 5 mm. Three different corrugation angles are used in this study which are 30 0 , 40 0 and 50 0 . Water is taken as test fluid as well as the heating medium. The wall temperatures are measure...

We demonstrate an effective approach to realize excitation and outcoupling of the SPP modes associated with both cathode/organic and anode/organic interfaces in OLEDs by integrating dual-periodic corrugation. The dual-periodic corrugation consists of two set gratings with different periods. The light trapped in the SPP modes associated with both top and bottom electrode/organic interfaces are e...

The diffraction intensities of He atoms scattered from vicinal Cu~211! and Cu~511! surfaces have been measured with a high angular resolution over a wide range of incident energies from 8 to 82 meV. Closecoupling scattering calculations with a corrugated Morse potential were performed to obtain the corrugation parameters for the first three complex Fourier coefficients. The energy-dependent cor...