This research evaluates the connection between corruption, economic development, and insecurity in several Colombian departments. This chapter explores the dynamics of these variables using two empirical techniques: the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Dynamic Panel Data Model (DPDM). DEA is performed to evaluate social performance in terms of corruption, economic development, and insecu...

This research evaluates the connection between corruption, economic development, and insecurity in several Colombian departments. This chapter explores the dynamics of these variables using two empirical techniques: the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Dynamic Panel Data Model (DPDM). DEA is performed to evaluate social performance in terms of corruption, economic development, and insecu...

background and purpose: more than a third of the world’s population lack access to essential medicines, despite the presence of several international agreements that proclaim health as a human right. corruption, in its many forms, such as bribery and embezzlement, causes several detrimental effects on the health sector and access to medicines including economic, health, and government image and...

In this chapter I present some preliminary results on the nature of corruption and countervailing action in Pakistan, drawing on data extracted from newspapers. Once it is recognized that corruption creates losers as well as winners, some dramatic implications for the theory of corruption emerge. This leads to an analysis of the countervailing action taken by losers to offset their losses from ...

The relationship between corruption and economic development is characterised by three stylised facts: (i) a strong negative correlation between corruption and development (ii) countries can remain trapped in high corruption-low development or low corruption-high development equilibria (iii) amongst intermediate levels of development corruption levels are more variable, some countries have high...

While methodologies and survey techniques recorded progress over the years, corruption measurement remains a many-headed monster. Since 2003 and the first publication of Transparency International’s Global Corruption Barometer, researchers have access to population’s feeling about the corruption scourge across institutions. Thereby, wider room emerged for populations’ perceptions in the field o...

this paper proposes a method for the prediction of pore size values in hydrocarbon reservoirs using 3d seismic data. to this end, an actual carbonate oil field in the south-western part ofiranwas selected. taking real geological conditions into account, different models of reservoir were constructed for a range of viable pore size values.  seismic surveying was performed next on these models. f...

In recent decades, long-term use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been widely and heavily promoted as a prophylaxis against heart disease and other illnesses. Millions of women have taken these medications based on their physicians’ recommendations, which were made despite the absence of data from clinical trials demonstrating benefit. Belief in a protective effect of HRT against heart ...

In this work, each packet is associated with a varying degree of signi cance based on the impact of its loss, which is estimated with a corruption model. For a compressed video stream, initial and propagation errors are rst described by the macroblock(MB)-based corruption model by taking into account error concealment, temporal dependency, and loop ltering. Next, at the packet-level, a corrupti...