OBJECTIVE To understand legislation combating counterfeit drugs in Hong Kong. DESIGN This study consisted of two parts. In part I, counterfeit drugs–related ordinances and court cases were reviewed. In part II, indepth interviews of the stakeholders were described. SETTING Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS All Hong Kong ordinances were screened manually to identify those combating counterfeit drugs...

Background The Annual Report of Enforcement Pharmacy raiding of unregistered drugs has shown an increasing trend since 2010 until 2012 and there is a possibility that the seized value will keep on increasing year by year. Furthermore, the Ministry of Health (MOH) has come out with the Malaysian National Medicines Policy (MNMP): one of the strategies in the policy is the management of counterfei...

BACKGROUND Perhaps no greater challenge exists for public health, patient safety, and shared global health security, than fake/falsified/fraudulent, poor quality unregulated drugs, also commonly known as "counterfeit medicines", now endemic in the global drug supply chain. Counterfeit medicines are prevalent everywhere, from traditional healthcare settings to unregulated sectors, including the ...

A method for the determination of Pb isotope ratios (IR) in cigarette tobacco by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS) has been developed and applied to tobacco samples from genuine and counterfeit cigarettes obtained in the USA. The IR ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb, (208)Pb/²⁰⁶Pb, ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb were measured using a Q-ICP-MS instrument. Two certified refer...

Although people buy counterfeit products to signal positive traits, we show that wearing counterfeit products makes individuals feel less authentic and increases their likelihood of both behaving dishonestly and judging others as unethical. In four experiments, participants wore purportedly fake or authentically branded sunglasses. Those wearing fake sunglasses cheated more across multiple task...

The counterfeiting of electronic components has become a major challenge in the 21st century. The electronic component supply chain has been greatly affected by widespread counterfeit incidents. A specialized service of testing, detection, and avoidance must be created to tackle the worldwide outbreak of counterfeit integrated circuits (ICs). So far, there are standards and programs in place fo...

Counterfeit drugs have become a widespread threat to the publics’ health [1]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition, a counterfeit drug is “a medicine which is deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source. Counterfeiting can apply to both branded and generic products and counterfeit products may include products with the correct ingredien...

"Egypt is one of the most countries that face the problem of drug counterfeit, counterfeit trade is near to 1 billion LE, out of 12 billion LE the volume of drug market trade in Egypt" As announced by the official speaker of the ministry of Health and Population in Egypt. Hence, it can be seen that the drug counterfeit problem is a threatening problem nationally and internationally. Due to the ...

Counterfeit integrated circuits become a big challenge for the whole electronic industry. The use of electronic counterfeits can cause reduced performance of circuits, or failure of the whole system. New efficient approaches of counterfeit device detection are always required. Since the electromagnetic emission level of integrated devices depends on various circuit parameters like technology, m...

the purpose of this report is to present the results of analysis of actual glucosamine and/or chondroitin contents of several such products in the market place and to determine if they significantly deviate from their label claim. a total of fourteen products containing glucosamine sulfate and nine products containing chondroitin sulfate were evaluated. the amounts of glucosamine and chondroiti...