in spite of the establishment of the administrative justice court as an especial forum for hearing the actions against the public and state  institutions including municipality, the cases against that municipality do  not follow a same way and depending on the roots of such liability, the procedures are different. in this paper by outlining the different actions against the municipality we trie...

providing emergent care, we hope to raise the collective responsiveness to the needs of the public. Mr Fesnak and Dr Rajput express concerns about physicians’ professional responsibility to promote fair and ethical stewardship of health care resources. Physicians may be uncomfortable with their role when they define their professional responsibilities from the narrow perspective of the physicia...

The shocked reaction of commentators to the recent Canadian Supreme Court decision (Chaoulli v. Quebec) overturning Quebec's ban on private healthcare insurance is difficult to square with the facts and policy options realistically open to provincial governments. The problem is that rhetoric has centred on preserving a single-tier universal system that has never existed in the form its supporte...

We propose that institutions such as the U.S. Supreme Court can lead individuals to update their perceptions of social norms, in contrast to the mixed evidence on whether institutions shape individuals' personal opinions. We studied reactions to the June 2015 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in favor of same-sex marriage. In a controlled experimental setting, we found that a favorable ruling, when pre...

The research deals with (the Jurisdictions of the Employees Judiciary Court and Appeal its Judgments) establishment in 2013 relationship this naming by name jurisdiction while was (Public Discipline Council), as has two types competences, first is consideration employee appeals administrative decisions related to civil service rights. second relates against disciplinary penalties. shows conditi...

1 The first section of a three-part article on Compstat, an information-driven managerial process, examines four crime-reduction principles that form the basis of the technique. Agencies must ensure that they are prepared to handle situations involving officers in crisis. 26 Eight Supreme Court decisions of particular importance to law enforcement are summarized. Contributors' opinions and stat...