Cyclopropane fatty acids (CPAs) are desirable as renewable chemical feedstocks for the production of paints, plastics, and lubricants. Toward our goal of creating a CPA-accumulating crop, we expressed nine higher plant cyclopropane synthase (CPS) enzymes in the seeds of fad2fae1 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and observed accumulation of less than 1% CPA. Surprisingly, expression of the Esc...

At FOCS’99, Dwork et al. put forth the notion of ‘selective-opening attacks’ (SOAs, for short). In the literature, security against such attacks has been formalized via indistinguishability-based and simulation-based notions, respectively called IND-SO-CPA security and SIM-SO-CPA security. Furthermore, the IND-SO-CPA notion has been studied under two flavors – weak-IND-SO-CPA and full-IND-SO-CP...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of selective and short-term sex hormone modifications on ghrelin levels in normal-weight eugonadal men undergoing hormonal contraceptive treatments. Seven men received an oral progestin [cyproterone acetate (CPA) or dienogest (DNG)] 10 mg/day for 3 weeks (CPA-DNG group), 7 CPA orally 5 mg/day in association with testosterone enanthate (TE) im 200...

Several nonaflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus have been registered in the United States to reduce aflatoxin accumulation in maize and other crops, but there may be unintended negative consequences if these strains produce cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). AF36, a nonaflatoxigenic, CPA-producing strain has been shown to produce CPA in treated maize and peanuts. Alternative strains, including Af...

Mauban, Joseph R. H., Katherine Wilkinson, Christian Schach, and Jason X.-J. Yuan. Histamine-mediated increases in cytosolic [Ca ] involve different mechanisms in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 290: C325–C336, 2006. First published September 14, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00236.2005.—Agonist stimulation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscl...

Problem: The associations between different forms of childhood violence (parental and nonparental child physical abuse [CPA], parental and nonparental child sexual abuse [CSA], and domestic violence [DV]) and adult CPA risk have not been thoroughly examined. A study is needed to examine the effects of different forms of childhood violence on both adult attachment and adult CPA risk to determine...

The Cubic Plus Association (CPA) equation of state and the Soave–Redlich–Kwong (SRK) coupled to Mathias–Copeman volume correction parameters were used correlate vapor pressures densities pure polar aprotic solvents (PAS). It is shown that CPA model (with 2B scheme) performed better than inert scheme), SRK its modifications in all cases for pressure densities. performance two mixing rules, namel...

The synthetic steroid cyproterone acetate (CPA) has been reported to be hepatogenotoxic in female rats depending on sex-specific expression of a hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (HST) which is involved in the bioactivation of CPA to reactive metabolites. In the present study the ability of CPA to initiate apoptosis in rat hepatocytes in vitro was investigated with respect to sex-specific effects...

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for neoplasias. It is a DNA and protein alkylating agent having a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of neoplasms including breast cancer. The therapeutic effectiveness of CPA is limited by the high-dose hematopoietic, renal, and cardiac toxicity that accompanies the systemic distribution of liver-derived activated drug met...

Regulation of renal apical Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) activity by adenosine has been suggested to contribute to acute control of mammalian Na(+) homeostasis. The mechanism by which adenosine controls NHE3 activity in a renal cell line was examined. The adenosine analog, N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) exerts a bimodal effect on NHE3: CPA concentrations >10(-8) M inactivate NHE3, whereas concentr...