BACKGROUND Patients treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often have adverse effects from and poor adherence to CPAP. OBJECTIVE To describe abnormal CPAP leak profiles and assess inter-observer reliability in identifying leak profiles and the correlation of leak profiles with leak rate and clinical outcomes. METHODS In a sleep-...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine whether the addition of heated humidification at treatment initiation with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would lead to better CPAP compliance and improve quality of life and subjective sleepiness in patients with sleep apnea. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING An academic sleep center located at a Veterans Affairs hospital. PATIENTS...

We report a new potentially dangerous complication of nasal continuous positive airway pressure applied for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. A middle-aged woman had cerebrospinal fluid leak after using nasal CPAP, with generalized seizures and pneumocephalus. She did fine with conservative therapy for the CSF leak and discontinuation of nasal CPAP.

BACKGROUND The high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with systemic hypertension and of hypertension in patients with OSA suggests a causal link between the two disorders. This study was carried out to determine whether nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and weight loss affect daytime hypertension in OSA. METHODS Sixty hypertensive patients with OSA took p...

BACKGROUND Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in preterm infants is currently applied using intermittent positive pressure (2 positive-pressure levels) or in a conventional manner (one pressure level). However, there are no studies in the literature comparing the chances of failure of these NIV methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of failure of 2 noninvasive ventilatory supp...

It has been shown that nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP) significantly reduces nocturnal reflux both in patients with sleep apnea and in patients without sleep apnea but consistent abnormal nocturnal reflux. The mechanism by which CPAP is thought to reduce reflux includes the elevation of the resting lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. In this study, we tested the ef...

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as the primary mode of respiratory support in preterm neonates with respiratory distress is associated with reduced needs of surfactant therapy and invasive ventilation, and improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia [1,2]. Despite convincing evidence of benefits, use and success rate of CPAP remain variable across different neonatal un...

A compact portable sensing system (PSS) was developed for home monitoring of patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with nasal continuous positive-airway pressure (CPAP). The system consisted of a solid-state pressure sensor connected with plastic tubing to the side port of the nasal CPAP mask, a power supply, and a strip chart recorder. The device was validated against standard polysomn...

CPAP is the most studied form of noninvasive ventilation in neonates, and early investigations focused on the use of CPAP following surfactant administration, to minimize the need for invasive mechanical ventilation.1 Verder and colleagues demonstrated that a strategy of CPAP following brief intubation and surfactant administration (the INSURE technique: INtubation, SURfactant, Extubation) impr...

Compliance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has become a major concern, since this treatment is efficacious, but constraining. In 46 consecutive obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients, we measured compliance with nasal CPAP by establishing a mean rate of use, with a built-in time counter read at three-month intervals, over a mean follow-up period of 232 +/- 27 days. The me...