Since reducing the blood flow to the kidneys by mechanical constriction of the renal arteries produces hypertension (2, 4, 6, 14), it seemed desirable to ascertain whether decreasing renal blood flow by sfimulation of renal vasocon-strictor nerves might likewise cause an elevation in blood pressure. It is known (3, 7, 10, 15) that active renal vasoconstriction occurs in response to stimulation ...

tion of cooperation’ published by Biology to mark its 50th anniversa This article is a brief introduction to the special issue ‘Evoluthe Journal of Theoretical ry. Cooperation is a favorite topic among evolutionary biologists because it seems to be at variance with natural selection. Why should one individual help another who is a potential competitor in the struggle for survival? Yet cooperati...

Noncooperative game theory is one of a handful of fundamental frameworks used for economic modeling. It is therefore troubling that the solution concepts on which the theory’s predictions are based are not as firmly grounded as one might desire. For example, while Nash equilibrium is the starting point for most game theoretic analyses, the conditions on players’ rationality and knowledge needed...

In this paper, we formulate an evolutionary multiple access control game with continuous-variable actions and coupled constraints. We characterize equilibria of the game and show that the pure equilibria are Pareto optimal and also resilient to deviations by coalitions of any size, i.e., they are strong equilibria. We use the concepts of price of anarchy and strong price of anarchy to study the...

—The simplest diploid model of frequency-dependent selection can generate periodic and chaotic trajectories for the allele frequency. The model is of a randomly mating, infinite diploid population with non-overlapping generations, segregating for two alleles under frequency-dependent viability selection. The fitnesses of each of the three genotypes is a linear function of the frequencies of the...

The momentum behind development of global online fast track low value high volume dispute resolution (hereafter ODR) continues to accelerate. Consumer and business groups around the world are promoting fair, proportionate, effective, online, fast track redress for low value high volume cross border e-commerce disputes. As a result, there will continue to be increasing demand for a variety of ef...

Evolutionary game theory combines game theory and dynamical systems and is customarily adopted to describe evolutionary dynamics in multi–agent systems. In particular, it has been proven to be a successful tool to describe multi–agent learning dynamics. To the best of our knowledge, we provide in this paper the first replicator dynamics applicable to the sequence form of an extensive–form game,...

Continuous evolutionary games are generalisations of games with a finite or discrete set of strategies to games with infinitely many, continuously varying strategies (e.g., Mar and St. Denis, 1994; Doebeli and Knowlton, 1998; Day and Taylor, 1998; Killingback et al., 1999; Wahl and Nowak, 1999; Ahmed and Elgazaar, 2000; Killingback and Doebeli, 2002; Doebeli et al., 2004; Cressman and Hofbauer,...

Adams C W M, Ibrahim M Z M & Leibowitz S (1965) In: Adams C W M, ed. Neurohistochemistry, pp. 437-487. Hsevier, Amsterdam & London Adams C W M, Bayliss O B & Turner D R (1975) / . Patkol. 116,225-238 Adams R D & Kubik C S (1952) Am. J. Med. 12, 510-546 Adams R D & Richardson E P Jr (1961) In: Folch-Pi J, ed. Chemical pathology of the nervous system, pp. 162-196 (Proceedings of the Third Interna...

The Sahara Desert is one of the major ecological barriers Palearctic-Africa bird migration system. We analysed behaviour GPS-tagged booted eagles (Aquila pennata) breeding in Spain and wintering Tropical Africa, focusing on crossing. searched for anomalous track segments recorded during desert crossing, finding that non-directional and/or slow movements occur 35% migratory journeys last up to 3...