OBJECTIVES We tested the premise that punishment for cannabis use deters use and thereby benefits public health. METHODS We compared representative samples of experienced cannabis users in similar cities with opposing cannabis policies-Amsterdam, the Netherlands (decriminalization), and San Francisco, Calif (criminalization). We compared age at onset, regular and maximum use, frequency and qu...

Persons with serious mental illness are a heterogeneous group. A large majority recognize that they are mentally ill, and they are treatment adherent, often able to work, and do not have major problems with substance abuse and violence. However, a substantial minority exists who receive little attention in the literature. They may not believe that they are mentally ill (the possible result of a...

Abstract The prohibition and prosecution of core international crimes are understood as a liberal response to particularly cruel acts that shock the conscience humanity. But what is nature this cruelty how does it relate liberalism? Rather than seeing liberalism monolithic, we examine different relationships between logics they manifest in processes criminalization. We develop three-pronged typ...

According to the International Centre for Prison Studies, the number of women in prisons in Latin America has almost doubled since the 1990s. Most women in prison are incarcerated for drugrelated crimes, and although women are still a minority within the prison population, the number of women behind bars is growing disproportionately in comparison to men. Simultaneously, Latin American states a...

Abstract Scholars have documented how violence, criminalization, and other forms of control impact the life trajectories criminalized women. Less research exists on ways that processes criminalization affect health mothers across course. This study examines legal constructions labels such as gang affiliation, are a process long-term violence threat second, short affects family health–what I ref...

INTRODUCTION Contemporary HIV-related theory and policy emphasize the importance of addressing the social drivers of HIV risk and vulnerability for a long-term response. Consequently, increasing attention is being given to social and structural interventions, and to social outcomes of HIV interventions. Appropriate indicators for social outcomes are needed in order to institutionalize the commi...

1. The idea that crimes are public wrongs is a well-established one within the field of law. Its role in English Law was explicitly affirmed by Blackstone in his Commentaries on the Laws of England. Recently, the idea of ‘public wrongs’ has also gained prominence among those working on the normative issues in criminalization, most notably in the works by Duff and Marshall. I have no intention t...

BACKGROUND Migrant sex workers are often highly marginalized and disproportionately experience health and social inequities, including high prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and human rights violations. In recent years, research involving migrant sex workers has increased, yet many knowledge gaps remain regarding how best to protect research participant rights and welfare. Our...