The capability of terrestrial ecosystems to sequester carbon (C) plays a critical role in regulating future climatic change yet depends on nitrogen (N) availability. To predict long-term ecosystem C storage, it is essential to examine whether soil N becomes progressively limiting as C and N are sequestered in long-lived plant biomass and soil organic matter. A critical parameter to indicate the...

CO2 currently accumulating in the atmosphere permeates into ocean surface layers, where it may impact on marine animals in addition to effects caused by global warming. At the same time, several countries are developing scenarios for the disposal of anthropogenic CO2 in the worlds’ oceans, especially the deep sea. Elevated CO2 partial pressures (hypercapnia) will affect the physiology of water ...

In modern cotton production systems, potassium (K) deficiency is one of the major factors limiting lint yield and affecting fiber quality. Although influence of K deficiency on cotton plant physiology and growth and lint yield responses to K fertilizer applications have received intensive studies, it is not clear whether elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2] affects plant requirements an...

The topic of global warming as a result of increased atomospheric CO2 concentration is becoming the most important environmental issue that the world faces today.[1] The capture and separation of CO2, especially CO2 from large point source, for example, fossil-fuel-fired electrical power–generation plants is critical to stabilize the atomospheric CO2 concentration.[2] The existing commercial CO...

Our previous study showed that three CO2/cAMP-responsive elements (CCRE) CCRE1, CCRE2, and CCRE3 in the promoter of the chloroplastic β-carbonic anhydrase 1 gene in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Pptca1) were critical for the cAMP-mediated transcriptional response to ambient CO2 concentration. Pptca1 was activated under CO2 limitation, but the absence of light partially disabled t...

The binding domains within a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) that is selective for CO2 comprising MFM-300(Al) and the polymer 6FDA-Durene-DABA have been established via in situ synchrotron IR microspectroscopy. The MOF crystals are fully accessible and play a critical role in the binding of CO2, creating a selective pathway to promote permeation of CO2 within and through the MMM. This study reveals...

Two isostructural 1D compounds {[M3(hpdc)2(H2O)6] 2H2O}n (M = Mn, Co; H3hpde = 2-hydroxypyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid) were synthesized by the in situ hydrothermal reactions of 2-chloropyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid with MCl2 (M = Mn, Co) and NaOH; the MnII compound shows spin-canted antiferromagnetism, whereas the CoII compound exhibits the coexistence of spin-canting and a two-step field...

Microalgal cultures are usually sparged with CO2-enriched air to preclude CO2 limitation during photoautotrophic growth. However, the CO2 vol% specifically required at operating conditions to meet the carbon requirement of algal cells in photobioreactor is never determined and 1-10% v/v CO2-enriched air is arbitrarily used. A scheme is proposed and experimentally validated for Chlorella vulgari...

Flowering is a crucial determinant for plant reproductive success and seed-set. Increasing temperature and elevated carbon-dioxide (e[CO2]) are key climate change factors that could affect plant fitness and flowering related events. Addressing the effect of these environmental factors on flowering events such as time of day of anthesis (TOA) and flowering time (duration from germination till fl...

It has recently been shown that thin polymer films in the nanometer thickness range exhibit anomalous swelling maxima in supercritical CO2 (Sc-Co2) in the vicinity of the critical point of CO2. The adsorption isotherm of CO2 on carbon black, silica surfaces, porous zeolites, and other surfaces, is known to exhibit anomalous maxima under similar CO2 conditions. It is believed that because CO2 po...