It is hypothesized that labor availability and related low levels of demand for women in agricultural work explain the high incidence of nuclear family formation in some Caribbean slave societies, as well as occasional high birth rates. Three paired comparisons, reflecting differing levels of labor supply, are examine: The Leewards and the Bahamas; Martinique and Barbados; and Cuba and Jamaica....

OBJECTIVE To identify perinatal outcomes associated with low birth weight (LBW). METHODS A retrospective cohort study in a tertiary maternity hospital. Analysis of the database on 43,499 liveborn infants delivered between 1986 and 2004 with low (n = 6,477) and normal (n = 37,467) birth weight. Outcomes associated with LBW were identified through crude and adjusted risk ratio (RR) and 95%CI wi...

BACKGROUND To determine whether patients with placenta previa who delivered preterm have an increased risk for recurrent spontaneous preterm birth. METHODS This retrospective population based cohort study included patients who delivered after a primary cesarean section (n = 9983). The rate of placenta previa, its recurrence, and the risk for recurrent preterm birth were determined. RESULTS ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiology of neural tube defects (NTD) in the eastern region of Ireland using the EUROCAT register of congenital malformations. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS EUROCAT registries monitor the prevalence of congenital anomalies in defined populations using multiple sources for case ascertainment. All cases of NTD on the Dublin EUROC...

The number of births in the United States declined by 1% between 2012 and 2013, to a total of 3 932 181. The general fertility rate also declined 1% to 62.5 births per 1000 women, the lowest rate ever reported. The total fertility rate was down by 1% in 2013 (to 1857.5 births per 1000 women). The teenage birth rate fell to another historic low in 2013, 26.5 births per 1000 women. Birth rates al...

Fluoroquinolones are avoided during pregnancy due to developmental toxicity in animals. The aim of this study was to assess the fetal risk after intrauterine fluoroquinolone exposure. We performed an observational study of a prospectively ascertained cohort of pregnant women exposed to a fluoroquinolone during the first trimester. Pregnancy outcomes were compared to those of a cohort exposed to...

The Toba represent one of the many indigenous groups inhabiting the Gran Chaco of South America. They currently live in communities with different degrees of acculturation. We present here a preliminary data on fecundity and mortality estimates for a rural Toba population located in the province of Formosa, Argentina. Reproductive histories (n = 435) were obtained from villagers 12 years old an...

IMPORTANCE Anemia affects most pregnant African women and is predominantly due to iron deficiency, but antenatal iron supplementation has uncertain health benefits and can increase the malaria burden. OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of antenatal iron supplementation on maternal Plasmodium infection risk, maternal iron status, and neonatal outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomiz...

<p>The most important factor in speeding up fish depends on the food given. The feed given was <br />form of artificial (pellets) because practicality its availability. However, commercially />made course more expensive, and can pollute air compared to natural which />easy be surrounding environment. For this reason, it necessary look for />feed as an effective efficient al...

background: implantation remains a limiting step in ivf/icsi. endometrial injury isa promising procedure aiming at improving the implantation and pregnancy rates after ivf/icsi. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endometrial injury induced in precedingcycle on ivf/icsi outcome. materials and methods: four hundred patients undergoing their first ivf/icsi cycle in two ...